108 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



3 . Up. s. f. w. : border wide, with lunules scarcely visible ; 

 outer subterminal thickish, inner of same size ; a very broad space 

 before the elbowed line, which is narrow near the costa and slopes 

 very sharply in from the angle to the large marginal blotch ; stigma 

 and basal lines indistinct and nearly filled up with black. 



Up. s. h. w. as in aurelia, but with broader space between inner 

 and extra lines ; basal spot distinct. 



? . Up. s. : ground colour in two shades (as in cleione) ; f. w. as 

 in aurelia, but elbowed line as in ^ , though thicker at costa ; h. w. 

 as in (? . 



3 . Un. s. f. w. : inner edging line arched, much more in third 

 space than in others ; lunules very small ; subterminal lines very 

 close together, both as dark shades ; elbowed line visible throughout 

 as an almost connected series of spots. (On the left side the basal 

 lines are joined in the form of an H.) 



Un. s. h. w. : with all the characters of aurelia exaggerated, 

 especially the lowness of the arches in the outer band ; bordering line 

 between outer and terminal bands black and very broad ; no trace of 

 the dictynna spots in outer band. 



$ . Un. s. f. w. : ground colour darker than ordinary aurelia, 

 and with elbowed line as in S ', otherwise as in typical aurelia. 

 H. w. : as in aurelia, but with the characteristics much ex- 

 aggerated ; outer band light, not differing greatly in colour from 

 terminal band. 



The entire absence of the dictynna spots at once removes 

 these from the possibility of being hritomartis, Assmann, and if 

 they represent britomartis, Staudinger, the fact of his regarding 

 it as a variety of aurelia is sufficiently accounted for. The 

 specimens came from Eastern Europe, and correspond in size 

 with those in the Natural History Museum from Greece and 

 Bulgaria, the latter, however, being somewhat brighter in tint. 

 The under side of Scandinavian specimens is not so character- 

 istic in the hind wing as that of Swiss and German specimens ; 

 the ground colour on the upper side is somewhat lighter, and 

 the black markings, as a rule, somewhat heavier. I have seen 

 nothing in this species corresponding with either the corythal'ia 

 or navarina forms of athalia, but such specimens, unless taken 

 among typical aurelia, might probably pass, in the absence of 

 precise data, for the other species. I have one specimen from 

 near B^risal in which the absence of the upper two-thirds of the 

 " extra" line on the hind wing gives some slight resemblance to 

 partJienie, whilst the thickened elbowed line of the fore wing 

 places it in the same category of variation with Freyer's apJuea, 

 or with athalia var. meliadlensis. On the under side the principal 

 directions of variation are in the dark bands of the hind wing, 

 the outer varying much in the extent to which the characteristic 

 lowering of the "arches" is emphasized, and both showing a 

 wide range in depth of colouring. On the whole, the mountain 

 specimens have these bands darker than the lowland examples, 



