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4G INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. 7 
mostly enter the ground to transform into the pupa early in August, 
though some remain on the trees as late as the middle of September. 
The following description is copied from Prof. G. H. French’s Report 
of the Curator of the Museum of the Southern Illinois Normal Uni- 
versity, 1880. They occurred on different species of oak during the 
middle and last of September, most of them pupating by October 2d in 
the soil. 
The caterpillar.—Length about 1.25 inches. General color pale dull green, striped 
with fine red substigmatal, subdorsal, and dorsal stripes, the last very pale, so as to be 
almost obsolete. Head with a slightly yellowish tinge. On each segment there are 
six short black thorns or sharp points, the two on the back of the second segment 
behind the head being about + inch long, but the rest much shorter. 
We add also the following description furnished by Mr. Riley, who 
has compared it with the caterpillar of Anisota stigma: 
Pellucida comes nearest to A. stigma in general appearance, but the spines are shorter, 
more pointed, uniformly black; the color is darker, being almost black, so that the 
papille, which are rather denser, give the dark portion a bluish cast; the subdorsal 
and stigmatal lines are of a more intense red inclining to pink, and the stigmatal 
line is rather broader than the subdorsal. The average length is somewhat less and 
the larva more slender than in stigma; the shorter, blacker spines, deeper colors, and 
stronger contrast between the lines at once separating it from stigma. (Riley. ) 
43. THE OAK TUSSOCK CATERPILLAR. 
Halesidota maculata Harris. 
Order LEPIDOPTERA; family BOMBYCID #. 
Feeding in September, a black, very hairy caterpillar, with yellow and black tufts 
and yellow on the sides of the body; the worm spinning late in September a yellow- 
ish gray oval cocoon, constructed of silk, with the hairs of the caterpillar inter- 
woven; the moth appearing the first week in June. 
The larva.—Cylindrical; 1.30 inch long. Head large, slightly bilobed; black, with 
a faint white streak down the front as far as the middle, where it becomes forked. 
Body above black, thickly covered with tufts of bright yellow and black hairs. On 
the second, third, and fourth segments the hairs are mixed, yellow and black; those 
of the second and third segments, overhanging the head. From the fourth to the 
eleventh segments, inclusive, is a dorsal row of black tufts, the largest of which 
are on the tenth and eleventh segments; the fourth and eleventh segments have 
also a black tuft on each side near the base. The hairs on the sides of the hody, 
from the fifth to the tenth segments, inclusive, are all bright yellow, while those on 
the sides of the twelfth and thirteenth are mixed with black. On the third, fourth, 
eleventh, and twelfth segments are a few long, spreading, yellow hairs, much longer 
than those elsewhere. (Saunders. ) 
The moth.—Light ocher-yellow, with large irregular light-brown spots on the fore 
wings, arranged almost in transverse bands. It expands nearly an inch and three- 
quarters. (Harris. ) 
44. THE OAK HETEROCAMPA. 
Heterocampa pulverea Grote and Robinson. 
Order LEPIDOPTERA; family BOMBYCID ©. 
Feeding on the red and scarlet oaks in southern Illinois a large bright-green cater- 
pillar, the body deeper than broad, tapering a little from the middle to the head, but 
more behind, variously marked with purple and orange. (French.) 
