‘ 
64 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. » 
12. THE ELM GALERUCA. 
Galeruca calmariensis (Linnieus). 
Order COLEOPTERA ; family CHRYSOMELID ®. 
Thick, cylindrical, blackish, six-footed grubs, often wholly defoliating the trees, 
-and changing into an oblong oval beetle a quarter of an inch long, of a grayish yellow 
color, with three small black spots on the prothorax, a broad black stripe on the outer 
edge of its wing-covers, and a small oblong spot near their base. (Fitch.) 
13. THE LADDER CHRYSOMELA. 
Chrysomela scalaris (Le Conte). 
Order COLEOPTERA ; family CHRYSOMELID&, 
Feeding on the leaves throughout the season, ashining, hemispherical, bottle-green 
beetle, with silvery-white wing-covers, on which are several bottle-green spots, and a 
broad jagged stripe on their suture ; its wings rose-red and its antenne and legs 
rusty yellow. Length, 0.30 to 0.40. More common on willows, and especially the alder. 
‘The larva is thick and fleshy, with a row of black spiracles along the side of the body 
and a dark prothoracic shield. 
14. THE AMERICAN CIMBEX SAW-FLY. 
Cimbex americana (Leach). 
Order HYMENOPTERA; amily TfENTHREDINID®. 
A cylindrical, glaucous, yellowish-white worm, coiled and marked like a snail’s shell, 
having a broad black line along the back; when disturbed ejecting a watery fluid 
from pores situated above the spiracles; transforming into the largest species of saw- 
fly we have, with stoutly-knobbed antenn ; appearing earlyinsummer. It also feeds 
-on the birch, linden, and willow. 
15. THE ANTIOPA BUTTERFLY. 
Vanessa antiopa (Linnzus). 
Order LEPIDOPTERA ; family PAPILIONID®. 
Sometimes occurring on the elm, but more common on the willow ; a stoutly-spined 
caterpillar, with a black body spotted minutely with white, with a row of eight dark 
brick-red spots on the back; changing to a dark brown chrysalis, with large tawny 
spots around the tubercles on the back. The butterfly purplish brown above, with a 
broad buff-yellow border in which is a row of pale blue spots. Flying from March 
till June, and again from the middle of August until late autumn. 
16. THE GREAT ELM-LEAF BEETLE. 
Monocesta coryli (Say). 
Order COLEOPTERA; family CHRYSOMELID.2. 
Occasionally destructive to the red or slippery elm in the Middle States; a pale yel- 
Jowish beetle more than half an inch long, with the wing-covers twice spotted with 
vlue; laying its yellow eggs in a cluster on the under side of the leaf in June, the 
erub appearing a week later, being brown or yellowish brown, and eating the leaves 
y 
= 
