110 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. 
According to Riley, the eggs are deposited in patches of thirty and 
upward, on the under side of a leaf. Each is about 0.05 inch long, sub- 
oval, slightly flattened, translucent, and pale greenish. 
In Missouri and Kansas the worm is double-brooded, the first brood 
of worms appearing mostly 
during June and giving forth 
the moths late in July, while 
the second brood of worms ap- 
pears in August and Septem- 
ber, wintering in the chrysalis 
state, and not appearing as 
moths until the folowing May. 
The caterpillar molts four 
times, becoming fully fed with- 
in a month, and then entering 
the ground to pupate. 
Larva.—In the first stage, yellow, 
Fic. 48.—The rosy forest caterpillar. b, pupa; ec, female. pene danse black “head jae 
—After Riley. forming little black tubercles of 
nearly uniform size. In the second stage the head is browner, and the spines and stripe 
of the full-fed larva more apparent. In the third stage like the caterpillar in its fourth 
or last stage, but smaller. The fully-fed caterpillar is an inch and a half long; pale 
yellowish-green longitudinally, striped above alternately with eight very light yel- 
lowish-green lines and seven of a darker green, inclining to black, with two slender 
black spines on the second segment behind the head, and two lateral rows of sharper, 
shorter spines. Head copal yellow; segments, 10 and 11 a little dilated and rose 
colored at the sides. 
The chrysalis.—Rough and pitted, nearly black, with curved horns about the head 
and thorax, and the movable joints provided with a ring of sharp conical teeth 
around the anterior edge. (Riley.) 
The moth.—Fore wings rose-colored, crossed by a broad pale-yellow band; the hind 
wings pale yellow, with a short rosy band behind the middie; the body is yellow, the 
under side and legs rose-colored (Harris). In Western specimens, the yellow predomi- 
nates, the rose-color being but faintly visible, according to Riley, who has also had 
specimens which were almost white or colorless. The wings expand about two inches. 
The male antenne are broadly pectinated like feathers. 
Remedies.—A tachina parasite, Tachina ( Belvosia) bifasciata Fabr., and 
an ichneumon fly prey upon the caterpillars, and thus reduce their num- 
bers. Riley recommends searching for and destroying the moths and 
eggs late in May, while the worms, when about to leave the trees, ‘‘may 
be entrapped by digging a trench either around the individual tree or 
around a groye or belt. The treneh should be at least a foot deep, with 
the outer wall slanting under. Great numbers of worms will collect in 
it, or bury themselves in its bottom, and may easily be killed.” 
11. THE GREEN STINGING IO CATERPILLAR. 
Hyperchiria io (Fabricius). 
Order LeprpopTEeRA; family BOMBYCID.®. 
Sometimes feeding late in summer on the maple, a large, greenish, thick caterpillar, 
with fascicles of irritant, radiating, sharp spines over the body, spinning a thin silken 
