122 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. 
and a hump on the back of its fourth and eleventh rings; its pupa lying in a cocoon 
attached among the leaves, and in ten days giving out the moth the latter part of 
July; the moth grayish-brown, its fore wings crossed by three faint paler streaks, the 
two first parallel, the hind one with its outer half silvery white and strongly waved 
in shape of the letter 8; width, 1.50. \ 
9. THE AMERICAN CLOSTERA. 
Ichthyura Americana Harris. 
Consuming the leaves in summer, a pale yellow caterpillar with two little black 
warts close together on the back of its fourth and eleventh rings, three slender black 
lines on its back and three in a broad dusky stripe along each side, its pupa passing 
the winter in a cocoon under leaves or rubbish on the ground, the middle of June 
giving out a pale grayish moth more or less varied with brown, its: fore wings with 
three whitish bands, the first transverse and dislocated, the second oblique and giy- 
ing off a transverse branch from its middle which runs to the inner margin, uniting 
with the third band, the two thus forming a letter V, a faint whitish band across the 
middle of the hind wings; width about 1.35. (Harris. ) 
10. V-MARKED CLOSTERA. 
Tchthyura vaw Fitch. 
A moth which is very similar to the preceding, but darker colored and smaller, with 
the bands more slender and distinct, may be readily distinguished from that species 
by its having the first band not dislocated, but in its middle strongly curved back- 
ward, the apex of the curve usually forming an acute point. The last band also is 
much more strongly undulated near its outer end, curving backwards almost ina 
semicircle, and is of a much more vivid white color, and broadly bordered on its hind 
side with bright rust-red. Its hind wings also are destitute of the paler band across 
their middle. Its width is about 1.20. 
Tam unacquainted with its larva, but, like the other species of this genus, it doubt- 
less feeds on the poplars and willows. Though quite rare in my own vicinity, it is 
oftener met with than the two other species. (Hitch. ) 
11. THE POPLAR-STEM GALL-LOUSE. 
Pemphigus populicaulis Fitch. 
Forming imperfectly globular galls the size of a bullet at the junction of the leaf 
with its stalk, these galls having a mouth-like orifice on their under side, and a large 
cavity within, crowded with small dull white lice and their white cast skins, and with 
winged lice of a blue black color, their antennie reaching beyond the base of their 
wings, the rib-vein of their fore-wings black, thick, much thicker at its apex along 
the inner margin of the stigma, and the short veinlet bounding the anterior end of 
this spot more slender than the rib-vein; its length 0.10, and to the tips of its wings 
0.15. (Fitch.) 
12. THE POPLAR GALL-LOUSE. 
Pemphigus popularia Fitch. 
Late in autumn, wandering up and down the trunk of the balsam poplar, a gall- 
louse closely like the preceding, but its abdomen green, its antenn short, reaching 
but two-thirds the distance to the wing sockets, and the rib-vein of its wings not 
thicker along the inner margin of the stigma; its length 0.13 to the tip of its wings. 
The female black, slightly dusted over with a glaucous gray powder; the abdomen 
