154 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. 
_ Apropos of this interesting subject I quote the following observations 
of Dr. Fitch: 
The wood of the apple tree was formerly highly valued for cabinet work in this 
country. In 1785, a son of General Israel] Putnam, residing in Williamstown, Mass., 
had a table made from one of his apple trees. Many years afterward the gnawing of 
an insect was heard in one of the leaves of this 
table, which noise continued forza year or two, 
when a large long-horned beetle made its exit 
therefrom. Subsequently, the same noise was 
heard again, and another insect, and afterwards a 
third, all of the same kind, issued from this table- 
leaf; the first one coming out twenty and the last 
twenty-eight years after the trunk was cut down. 
These facts are stated 
more fully in the His- 
tory of the County of 
Berkshire, published 
at Pittsfield, in 1829, p. 
39. This, I believe, is 
the longest period of 
an insect remaining 
alive in timber of 
which we have any 
record, and it is desira- 
ble to ascertain, if pos- 
sible, what insect this 
was. John J. Putnam, 
esq., of White Creek, 
N. Y., was a young 
man residing at his 
father’s when these 
remarkable incidents 
Fic. 68.—Larva of Monohammus confu- Lae Fic. 69.—Monohammus confu- 
sor; a, top, b, side view, nat. size; d, occurred. On showing sor, the beetle in its cell ina 
upper, ¢, under side of the head; e, side, . P : > piece of planed plank.—A fter 
and f under side of pupa.—From Pack- to him specimens of Packard. 
ard in Hayden’s Survey. all the larger long- 
horned beetles of this vicinity, he points to Cerasphorus balteatus as being the same 
insect, according to the best of his recollection, but is not certain but it might have 
been the Callidium agreste. 
“This testimony, in connection with what President Fitch, of Williams 
College, says of the insect in the notice above referred to—‘its color 
dark glistening brown, with tints of yellow’—releases us from all doubts 
upon this subject, as the agreste is of a uniform brown, whilst the bal. 
teatus commonly presents traces, more or less distinet, of an oblique 
yellowish spot or band, near the middle of the wing-covers.” 
Larva.—Body soft, white, long, nearly cylindrical, being but slightly 
flattened, entirely footless, all the abdominal segments of the same width, 
except the minute smallone. From the firstabdominal segment (or fourth 
from the head), the body increases in width, being widest on the pro- 
thoracic segment (or the one next to the head). This segment is trans- 
versely oblong, being as wide in front as behind; it is a little more than 
twice as wide as long. The head is large and square, not narrowing 
