be Ties OM La ” ~ 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE PINE. 169 
the bark of old trees of the white pine, and have some resemblance to 
the fingers of a hand spread apart, or to the track of a bird. From a 
eommon center they run off in opposite directions up and down the tree, 
lengthwise of the grain, moderately diverging or 
nearly parallel with each other, appearing, when 
the bark is stripped off, like linear grooves in the 
outer surface of the wood and inner surface of the 
bark. They are about 0.10 wide and 1.50 to 2.00 
long, all those belonging to the same cluster being 
of nearly equal length. Along the sides of these 
grooves. several short sinuous excavations or 
notches appear, in which the eggs have been 4,, 76 pine pack-borer and 
placed, where they would remain undisturbed by  Pupa.—Frem Packard.” ~ 
the beetle as it crawled backwards and forth through the gallery. The 
accompanying figure* is a representation of one of the clusters of these 
tracks, copied from the surface of the wood. In this instance, the com- 
mencement of some of the galleries, and the principal part of the lower 
one on'the right hand, had been excavated wholly in the bark, and thus 
made no mark upon the wood. 
M. Perris has ascertained that with the European Tomicus laricis, which 
- excavates several galleries from a common center like the insect now 
before us, a male beetle is found in each of the galleries, whilst only one 
female is associated with them, she being stationed sometimes alone, in 
the center, and at other times in one of the galleries in company with 
the male. And from his observations it appears that these galleries are 
excavated by the males, each of them being the work of one individual, 
whilst the female supplies the whole of them with eggs. 
As there are no lateral galleries branching off from these main ones, 
I infer that the young of this insect move and feed along the sides of 
the galleries in which they are born, and that thus these galleries be- 
come widened and broad as we find them, their width being much 
greuter than those of the other species, although the insect is but the 
usual size. (Fitch.) 
We have littie to add to the foregoing account as to the habits of this 
bark-borer. It is common in the pine woods of Maine, making burrows 
under the bark, not always so regular as Fitch figures. 
This timber-beetle is common in the timber region of the Rocky 
Mountains of Colorado, boring irregularly into the inner bark of Abies 
menziesii. The burrows are like those made by the same insect in the 
white pines from Maine to North Carolina. On the Atlantic coast the 
more regular burrows radiate from a common center. Those observed 
on Gray’s Peak were 0.08 inch in diameter. 
In the pupa the body ends in two long, pointed, horn-like appendages 
arising from each side beneath. The ends of the hind tarsi extend to 
the terminal third of the wings. The antenne are clavate, not extend- 
* Not here reproduced. 
