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of 1 | INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE PINE. 175 
ton, of Kelly’s Island, Ohio, to bore into empty wine casks and spoil 
them for use. (Guide to Study of Insects, p. 493.) 
38. THE SPRUCE TIMBER BEETLE. 
Xyloterus bivittatus Mannheim. 
This insect, though common under the bark of the white pine in Maine, is espe- 
cially destructive to the spruce and fir, and for a further account the reader is referred 
to spruce insects. 
* 39. THE PINE-BARK CARVER. 
Nyleborus celatus Zimmermann. 
Occurring in all stages of growth in July and August under white pine and spruce 
bark in Maine, sometimes in linmense numbers, sufficient to kill the tree, a rather 
stout bark-borer, the declivity of the elytra with two prominent tubercles and some 
smaller marginal ones, with rows of punctures. 
Bark borers of this genus are said by Leconte to have the body stout, 
vylindrical, with the slope of the elytra oblique, scarcely flattened ; the 
funicle of the antenne with four distinct joints, and the sensitive sur- 
face of the antenne concentrically annulated. In the present species 
along the slope of the elytra are two prominent tubercles and some 
smaller marginal ones, the elytra are strongly punctured in rows, the 
interspaces with rows of distant punctures, while the tibize are strongly 
serrate. 
From eight hundred to a thousand specimens of this bark borer, with 
hundreds of larvee and many pup, were found in July and August at 
Brunswick, Maine, under the bark of a white pine stump about 22 inches 
in diameter, the tree having been cut down the preceding November. 
The bark was honey-compbed with its holes, the pupie resting in cells in 
the bark. The mines usually run obliquely through the thick bark, not 
sinking into the sapwood, so that no regular mine was formed, and it is 
difficult to give a good description of it. The diameter of the track and 
of the hole for the exit of the beetle is slightly larger than that of Yylo- 
terus bivittatus. It is often two-striped, but this is due to the fact that 
it begins to turn dark after transforming in the middle of the elytra. 
It also occurred in abundance under the bark of the spruce, in the same 
place, associated with XY. bivittatus, and also with the common unde- 
scribed species of Dolurgus to be noticed under spruce insects. 
40. Dryocetes septentrionis (Mann). 
Occurring under the bark of the pine in Alaska, Canada, and Virginia, a bark-borer 
closely allied to Xyleborus, with the prothorax strongly punctured, not roughened in 
front; length 4.4™™ (0.17 inch).—Leconte. 
41. THE BORING HYLURGUS. 
Hylurgus terebrans (Olivier). 
Order COLEOPTERA; family SCOLYTID#. 
Perforating larger holes in the bark than any of the preceding bark-beetles, and 
mining curved galleries in every direction in the inner layers of the bark, and slightly . 
grooving the outer surface of the wood; a cylindrical light chestnut-red or yellowish 
f 
