INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE PINE. 189 
line along the middle of the thorax and white spots along each side of 
the abdomen, which are sometimes faint or wanting, the antenne pale, 
with their tips black. 
60. THE PARALLEL SPITTLE-INSECT. 
Aphrophora parallella Say. 
Order HemipTEeRA (Homoptera); family CERCOPID. 
In June, a spot of white froth, resembling spittle, appearing upon the bark near 
the ends of the branches, hiding within it a small white wingless insect. having six 
legs, which punctures and sucks the fluids of the bark, and grows to about a quarter 
of an inch in length by the last of that month, and then becomes a pupa of a similar 
appearance, but varied more or less with dusky or black, and with rudimentary wings 
resembling a vest drawn closely around the middle of its body; the latter part of July 
changing to its perfect form, with wings fully grown, and then no longer. covering 
itself with foam, but continuing to the end of the season, puncturing and drawing 
its nourishment from the bark as before. The perfect insect a flattened oval tree- 
hopper, 0.40 long, with its wing-covers held in form of a roof, its color brown from 
numberless blackish punctures upon a pale ground, a smooth whitish line along the 
middle of its back, and a small smooth whitish spot in the center of each wing-cover, 
its abdomen beneath rusty brown. 
The reasons why I regard this species as pertaining to the genus 
Aphrophora, to which Say had assigned it, instead of the genera in 
which it has recently been placed, will be found stated under a kindred 
species in my Third Report, No. 98. (Fitch.) 
What I suppose to be this insect is also very common on the pitch 
pine at Brunswick, Me. The pup are common late in July, but early 
in August the insects acquire their wings. 
61. THE SARATOGA SPITTLE-INSECT. 
Aphrophora saratogensis Fitch. 
A similar insect with the same habits with the preceding, but differing from it in 
having the punctures uncolored, and the head above with its anterior and posterior 
margins parallel. It is of a lighter color than the foregoing, being pale tawny-yellow 
varied with white. It is much more attached to the pitch-pine than to the white 
pine, and is very common upon the small trees of that kind growing upon the sandy 
plains of Saratoga County. (Fitch.) 
62. THE PITCH-PINE TWIG TORTRIX. 
Retinia (?) comstockiana Fernald. 
Boring into the twigs and small branches of the pitch-pine (Pinus rigida), causing 
an exudation of resin; yellow-brown larve, about 10™™ (.39 inch) long, transforming 
within the burrow, and giving forth small brown and gray moths. (Comstock.) 
An examination of the pitch-pines in the vicinity of Ithaca, N. Y., in 
the early part of the past summer,* revealed the fact that they were 
infested to a considerable extent by a heretofore undescribed pest. 
Upon the smallest twigs and limbs and upon the terminal shoots of the 
trees were observed exuding at intervals masses of pitch, mixed with 
*The account is copied textually from Professor Comstock’s Report, 1879. 
