INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE PINE. 199 
69. THE PITCH-PINE SAW-FLY. 
Lophyrus pini-rigide Norton. ‘ 
With the general habits and appearance of the preceding species, but so far as yet 
known confined to the pitch-pine. 
This saw-fly was described by Mr. Norton in our “Guide to the Study 
of Insects.” The larye-are allied to those of Lophyrus abietis, and during 
one summer ravaged the young pitch-pines, which had been raised from 
the seed on a plantation at Eastham, Mass., on Cape Cod. The female 
lays her eggs singly in one side of a *‘needle” of the pine, though some- 
times an egg is inserted on each side of the leaf. 
Female.—Length, 0.30; expanse of wings, 0.65 of an inch; antennie 
17-jointed, short, brown; color luteous brown. with a black line joining 
the ocelli; a black stripe down each of the lobes of the thorax above 
and the sutures behind ; body paler beneath; the trochanters and base 
of the tibiz waxen; claws with an inner tooth near the middle; wings 
very slightly clouded; cross nervure of the lanceolate cell straight. 
Male.—ULength, 0.25; expanse of wings, 0.55 of an inch; antenni 
fifteen-jointed, black, quite short, with twelve branches on each side, 
‘those at the base nearly as long as the sixth and seventh; apical joint 
simple, enlarged at base; color of insect black, with the abdomen. at 
apex and beneath yellow-brown; legs the same color at base; below the 
knees whitish. The male looks precisely like that of L. abietis, but the 
form of the antenne is different, being much shorter. The female looks 
much like LZ. abdominalis Say, taken on the pine near New York. (Nor- 
ton.) ; 
Mr. W. C. Fish wrote me some years ago from Eastham, Mass., as 
follows regarding this insect and the attacks upon it by the white-winged 
crossbill: ‘ In the fall of 1868 there was a second brood of the larve of 
Lophyrus pini-rigide Norton. On the 16th of September I noticed a few 
nearly grown, but the greater part of those seen at that date were very 
small. On the 15th of October I noticed large flocks of the white- 
winged crossbill hovering over and alighting upon the young pines that 
were infested with these Jarvee. There were certainly three or four hun- 
dred birds in some of these flocks. I soon learned that they were feed- 
ing upon the larvee, as I had many opportunities to watch them while 
feeding among the trees. I also took numbers of the larve from the 
stomachs of several individuals that I shot. 
I had one in confinement several days, feeding it with ‘these larvee. 
Those out cf doors seemed to discard the head and harder legs of the 
larve, but the one in confinement swallowed the insect entire. These 
birds were abundant through November and December, and more or 
less common all winter. Some of the-larve were found quite late in 
November after we had experienced severe freezing weather. I saw 
them frozen stiff several times. 
On the 27th of November, I took several into the house, where they 
