INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE JUNIPER. 245 
about 1.5™" in width, and they often communicate with the hole made 
by the insect for its exit through the bark, which is 1.5™™ or a little less. 
These holes are indicated by the round black spots or large dots at the 
end of some of the galleries, as seen in the engraving. The holes may 
open out straight through the bark as 
usual, or sometimes obliquely. The 
galleries in May are closely packed 
with the excrement or castings of the 
worms, which is tan colored or the color 
of the bark, showing that the insects 
though’ sinking their galleries a little 
way into the wood, as proved by the 
shallow grooves they make in the wood, 
for the most part burrow through the 
inner bark, thus loosening it from the 
wood and causing it to peel off. 
The secondary galleries of the same 
cell rarely cross each other, unless ow- 
ing to a knot in the trunk or to other 
irregularities in the wood; but, as seen 
on the right side of the engraving, one 
may make a turn and directly cross 
four or five others, or one from an ad- 
jacent mine may cross the galleries of 
another mine. As arule, however, the 
mines of the juniper bark-borer are 
beautifully regular, and the wood very \ 
prettily sculptured. A 
I have little doubt but that this is LTS 
the beetle, as it agrees with it in color “1 Mine 9p he, draiper, bark: Dorer— 
and size, which I found in considerable numbers under the bark of the 
cedar or Thuja occidentalis, in Northern Maine in 1861. The dead cedars. 
were much infested with these beetles, while they were not noticed in up- 
right, healthy trees. 
Leconte states that it inhabits the Middle and Eastern States and 
Canada, and gives the following description of it: 
The beetle.—In the genus Phleosinus the funicle or stalk of the antennx is much 
shorter than the club; the first joint is rounded ; the remaining four joints are closely 
united and gradually become broader; the club is large, oval, compressed, obtusely 
rounded, and divided by straight well-marked sutures. P. dentatus is rather smaller 
than the other species of the genus, except P. punctatus, with the declivity of the 
elytra more abrupt and flattened, and less convex; the stria# are impressed and 
scarcely punctured, the interspaces are wide, densely and strongly granulate and ru- 
gose; the rugosities becoming acute tubercles on the declivity of the alternate inter- 
spaces; second intérspace not depressed on the declivity and furnished with a row of 
smaller tubercles in some specimens, but not in ethers. This difference is probably: 
sexual. The head is granulate-punctate, and the front is not carinate. 
