246 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. 
2. THE PRUSSIAN BLUE PINE-BORER. 
Callidium antennatum Newman. 
In company with the juniper bark-borer, mining dying and dead juniper trees; its 
mine a long, shallow, irregular sinuons gallery about 6™™ wide in the broadest part ; 
the beetles occurring under the bark early in May in Southern New England. 
This common borer has already been noticed as infesting the pine 
(p. 159). Itis nearly as common, perhaps, in the juniper; at least I have 
found it so in the vicinity of Providence, R. I., where it mines dead or 
dying juniper trees in company with Phlwosinus dentatus. In one small 
tree, three inches in diameter, nearly a dozen mines occurred, and as 
many of the beetles were taken from under the bark on the 2d and 
again the 15th of May,1881. It is probable that the beetles had hyber- 
nated in their mines, having transformed into the pupa state the pre- 
vious autumn. The mines may be recognized by their long sinuous shape, 
beginning very small and gradually widening and ending in a broader 
space or cell where the larva transforms into the beetle condition; just 
before the cell, at its widest part, it measures 6™™ in width. The larva, 
as it eats its way along under the bark, does not sink deeply into the 
wood, simply scoring it, while the gallery is filled behind it with the 
tan-brown castings of the worm, consisting of partly digested bark, form- 
ing a fine paste which hardens and compactly fills the shallow groove. 
In general appearance the mine of this borer does not essentially differ 
from that of most of the superficial longicorn borers of other trees. 
The beetle is entirely deep Prussian blue, and may be readily identified 
by its color. It varies much in size. 
3. THE BLUE-CLOUDED HYLOTRUPES. 
Hylotrupes ligneus Fabricius. 
We have not personally observed the habits of this borer, which is 
said by Mr. George Hunt to bore under the bark of Juniperus virgini- 
anus in Rhode Island. The beetle may easily be recognized by its brown 
head, antenne, prothorax, and legs; while the wing-covers are yellow- 
jsh, with two large adjoining dark Prussian blue patches at the base’ 
the patches rounded behind and extending to the middle of the wing- 
covers; the terminal third of the wing-covers are also deep Prussian 
blue, so that only the edges and a transverse copal-yellow band across 
the wing-covers are left. It is from 9™™ to 12™™ in length. 
AFFECTING THE LEAVES. 
4, THE JUNIPER TWIG INCH-WORM. 
Diepanodes varus Grote and Robinson. 
Order LEPIDOPTERA; family PHALZNID&, 
Very closely resembling the smaller twigs of the juniper, a rough-bodied span or 
measuring worm an inch and a half long, transforming to an ochre-brown moth. 
