XXVI 



EcROPEAX Butterflies and JMoths. 



groups of Linn.TEus arc still retained, with the exception of Attaais, for the names of the main 

 groups. In the system of Gucnec, which is much used in England, the Sphinges are united with 

 the Bombyccs, under the name of Nocturni ; and the Gcomctra are placed after this group, 

 followed by the Drcpaiiiilidce and N otodontidce ; and the Gcomctra; and Tortrkcs are divided into 

 a number of small families. The Psychidcs are transferred to the Tinea: ; and there are several 

 other differences of minor importance. 



The Butterflies are frequently called Rhopalocera, from their club-shaped antenna; ; and 

 the Moths are called Heieroeera. The Butterflies, Hawk Moths, and Moths used to be called 

 Diurnal, Crepuscular, and Nocturnal Lepidoptera respectively, in allusion to their times of flight ; 

 but as large numbers of the two latter groups fly by day, these terms are now abandoned as 

 too loose to be retained at all. The groups from the Butterflies to the Geonietra inclusive are 

 frequently termed ]\Iacro-Lepidoptcra, because most of the species which they include are of 

 large or moderate size ; and the remaining groups are called Rlicro-Lcpidoptera, because most of 

 the species belonging to them are of small size. Although this distinction is not absolutely 

 correct (for many of the Micro-Lepidoptera are larger than many of the Macro-Lepidopterd), it is 

 sufficiently so to form a rough division. Many writers divide the Pyrales into two groups, Pyrales 

 and Cranibi, the second division including all but the two first families. In this case the Pyrales 

 are generally included with the Macm-Lcpidoptera, and the Cranibi with the jMicro-Lepidoptcra. 



We give below, for convenience of reference, a list of the groups and families of the European 

 Lepidoptera, arranged on the system which we shall employ in the present work : — 



Table of the Groups and Families of European Lepidoptera. 

 ( Those which include no British species are marked with an asterisk.) 



Ma cro-Lepidop tera . 

 A.— Rhopalocera. 



1. Papilionidae. 



2. Pierids. 



3. Nymphalids. 

 •4. Danaids. 



5. Satyridfe. 

 Libytheidas. 

 Erycinidae. 



8. Lycasnida:. 



9. Hesperiidas. 



*6. 

 7- 



B.— Sphinges. 



I. Sphingidas. 



*2. Thyridida;. 



3. Sesiidaj. 



4. Zygienid;e. 



5. SyntomidiE. 



C— BOMBYCES. 



1. Lithosidse. 



2. Arctiidae. 



3. Liparidae. 



4. CossidiE. 



5. Cocliopodidae. 



6. Hepialidas. 

 *7. Heterogynidx. 



8. 



9- 

 10. 

 II. 



»I2. 



13- 

 14- 



Psychid.T. 



Drepanulidas. 



Satumidas. 



Lasiocampidae. 



Bombycidas. 



Notodontidae. 



Cymatophorida;. 



D.— NOCTU^. 



1. Noctuids. 



a. Bombycoidffi. 

 6. Acronyctida;. 

 e. Orthosidffi. 



d. Agrotidse. 



e. Hadenidse. 

 y. Xylinidffi. 



j^. Cleophanidffi. 

 //. CucuUidce. 

 */. Eurhipids. 

 J. Heliothidae. 

 i: Anartidas. 

 /. Plusidae. 

 */;;. Calpida2. 

 7t. Acontids. 

 ('. Ophiusidae. 

 p. Toxocanipidae. 

 y. Noctuophalaenidas. 

 ;•. Deltoidic. 



2. Nycteolida;. 



3. Chlocphorids. 



4. Brephidas. 



E.— Geometr.€. 



1. Dendrometridre. 



2. Phytometridas. 



Micro-Lepidoptera . 

 F. — Pyrales. 



1. PyralidiB. 



2. Botydae. 



3. Chilonidae. 



4. Crambidic. 



5. Phycidas. 



6. Gallerida;. 



G. — TORTRICES. 



H. 



I 



-TlNE/E. 



Choreutidae. 

 Atychidas. 

 TineidiE. 

 (7. Talxporida^. 



b. Lypusid.u. 



c. Tineidae. 

 <■/. Adelida;. 



e. Ochsenheimerida;. 



f. Tcichobiidic. 



g. Acrolcpidaj. 



//. Hyponomeutidje. 



i. PlutellidK. 



j. OrthotElidae. 



k. Chiniabacchida;. 

 /. Gelechida?. 



in. Glyphipterygidae. 



«. Chauliodidffi. 



o. Lavernidas. 



p. Butalidfc. 



q. Elachistidre. 



r. Douglasid;e. 



i. Heliozelida;. 



/. Heliodinida;. 



u. CosmopterygidjE. 



?/. Batrachedras. 



w. Augasmidae. 



X. Coleophoridae. 



y. Gracilarida2. 



z. Argyresthidae. 

 aa. LithocoUetidae. 

 bb. Lyonetidie. 



cc. Phyllocnistidae. 

 dd. Nepticulidas. 

 4. Micropterygidae. 



I.— Pterophori. 



J.— ALUCIT/E. 



