Epinephile. 39 



in the Alps, and other mountauTS of Southern Europe and Western Asia, from May to August ; 

 and also in Scandinavia. The larva is undescribed, but is believed to feed on Poa pratensis. 



* 5. 6". Alcgara (Linn.), ( Wall Brozvn). — Tawnj-, with transverse brown lines ; the male with a 

 broad oblique stripe on the fore-wings. The eye at the tip of the fore-wings has only one pupil, 

 and there is another very small eye near it ; the under side is yellowish-grey. Otherwise similar to 

 Mara. The females are difficult to define by description, when the eye of Mara is not bipupilled ; 

 but the ground colour of Alcgczra is paler, and the tawny markings of the hind-wings are more 

 extensive. The variety Lyssa (Boisd.), from South-Eastern Europe, has grey hind-wings beneath ; 

 and the variety Tigelms (Bon.), from Corsica and Sardinia, is smaller and darker fulvous than the 

 typical Megmra. Expands from ij to 2 inches. Abundant in all parts of Europe and Western 

 Asia throughout the fine season ; it appears as early as February in the extreme south of Europe. 

 It flies along road-sides, frequently settling on the road, or on flowers growing by the wayside ; 

 and very frequently on sunny walls, whence its popular name. The larva is green, with pale 

 stripes, and may, like the butterfly, be found throughout the year. The transformations are 

 figured at PI. 13, Fig. 2, a — c. 



* 6. S. jEgeria (Linn.), {Speckled Wood, or Wood Argus). — Brown, spotted with ta^vny or 

 (van Egcridcs, Staud.) with pale yellow. Fore-wings with an eye near the tip, and hind-wings 

 with three marginal eyes. Hind-wings beneath purplish-grey, the eyes reduced to white dots 

 surrounded with brown. Expands from if to 2 inches. Abundant in shady woods, during all the 

 fine season, throughout the greater part of Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. The form 

 ^geria is found only in the South, and Egerides only in Northern and Central Europe. The 

 larva is green, with white stripes, and is found throughout the year. The form Egerides is figured 

 at PI. 12, Fig. 10. 



7. 5'. Ac/line (Scop.), Dcjanira (Linn.). — Pale brown, with a marginal row of large black eyes 

 in yellow rings on all the wings, ocellated only on the under side, which is paler, with a white 

 sub-marginal band, on which the eyes are placed. Expands from if to 2 inches. Found in shady 

 woods in June in Northern and Central Europe and Asia ; but is generally a scarce and local 

 insect, and is absent from a great portion of North-Western Europe. The larva is dull green, 

 with a darker line on the back, and white lines on the sides; the forked tail is also white. Feeds 

 on Loliitm perenne in April. 



GENUS VI. — EriNEPHILE (HUBN.). 



Middle-sized butterflies, the fore-wings with an eye near the tip, and generally fulvous 

 beneath ; the male with a broad black streak on the fore-wings above (except in Hjperant/tus), 

 which is either oblique or transverse. Hind-wings slightly dentated. The antennae gradually 

 clubbed, and the middle pair of tibi.ne nearly as long as the tarsi. The butterflies are found in 

 meadows, at the edges of woods, &c., from June to August. The larvae are spindle-shaped, and 

 covered with fine hair; they hybernate, and maybe obtained by sweeping in spring. The pupas 

 are suspended, except that of Hyperaiithns, which is placed on the surface of the ground. 



* I. E. Hypcranthits {'Lmn.), {Ringlet). — Dark brown, paler beneath; fringes grey. A variable 

 number of eyes on the wings, ringed with yellow beneath, and slightly also on the upper side in 

 the female. It is a variable insect, and in the variety Arete (Miill.) the eyes of the under side are 

 represented only by their white pupils. I have a specimen, taken in Germany, in which the outer 

 half of the fore-wings and the edges of the hind-wings are grey instead of brown ; and a similar 

 variety of E. Jaiiira, in which some portions of the margins on the right side only are grey. 

 Expands from I^ to i| inches. Abundant in woods throughout the greater part of Europe and 



