56 EuROPEAx Butterflies and Morns. 



able to discover the authority for the statement, and merely mention it here for what it is worth. 

 Scarcely anj^thing of any value has yet been published on the Lcpidoptcni of Egypt, which are likely 

 to be very interesting, though not numerous. The larva of L. Dispar is somewhat hairy, bright 

 green, with innumerable white dots, and feeds upon the great water-dock. That of Rutilus is 

 dark green, with a pale stripe on the sides, and a brown head. It feeds on Polygonitni and sorrel in 

 June. The sexes of Z. Riitilns are figured at PI. 14, Figs. 13, a, b. 



7. L. VirgaurciC (Linn.), {Scarce Copper). — Male brilliant copper-red, unspotted, with a rather 

 narrow black border. F"emale dull copper, with many black spots. Under side of fore-wings 

 copper, with the central row of eyes arranged in pairs; hind-wings greenish-grey, the spots small, 

 and partly bordered outside with white spots. In the southern variety Miegii (Vogel) the male has 

 black spots above, and the female is paler; in the variety /^^vw^r/Zr/w/j (Fallou) the female is darker, 

 and the white spots are slightly visible above. Widely distributed in Europe and Western Asia, 

 frequenting dry, flowery glades and slopes from May to August. It is a scarce and local insect in 

 the north-west of Europe, and is said to have formerly inhabited the fens of Cambridgeshire and 

 Huntingdonshire, and to frequent the flowers of the golden rod in August. It is now excluded 

 from our British lists, but there seems little reason to doubt that it formerly inhabited this country, 

 although in all probability it has long been extinct. The larva is dark green, with yellowish lines 

 on the back and sides, and a black head. It lives on golden rod, sorrel, &c., in June and 

 September. Both sexes of the butterfly, and the larva, are figured at PL 15, Fig. i, a — c. 



8. L. OltomaiiKS (Lcf). — Brilliant copper-red, with brown hind margins; fore-wings with three 

 black spots in the discoidal cell, and an outer row of black spots, all small and indistinct; hind- 

 wings unspotted. Under side of fore-wings pale copper-yellow, with the markings more distinct, 

 and an outer row of marginal black spots. Hind-wings greenish or yellowish grey ; hind margin 

 brown, with a row of orange spots edged inside with black ones, and many small black eyes 

 nearer the base. Expands a little o\'cr i inch. It inhabits Turkey, Greece, and Asia Minor 

 in March and June. 



9. L. Thetis (Klug.). — Brilliant copper-red ; the tips of the fore-wings narrowly black ; hind 

 margins narrowly black, and marked with triangular black spots. Hind-wings emarginate at the 

 anal angle, near which are two detached black dots. Under side ashy ; fore-wings tinged with 

 copper, with three discoidal spots, and two rows of spots nearer the hind margin. Hind-wings 

 ashy-grey, with a marginal copper band, edged on each side with indistinct black dots. Nearer 

 the base are two rows of grey eyes in black rings, six in the first row and three in the 

 second. E.xpands about i } inches. It inhabits the mountains of Greece and Asia Minor. 



*io. L. Phlccas (Linn.), [Common Copper). — Fore-wings bright copper-red, with broad black 

 hind margins, and large square black spots, two in the discoidal cell, a third on the under side, 

 and an irregular outer row. Hind-wings black, with a marginal copper band. Under side of fore- 

 wings paler copper, the margins grey, edged within with a row of black spots towards the hinder 

 angle, and the others ocellated ; hind-wings grey, with small black dots, and traces of a marginal 

 copper band. The southern variety Eleus (Fabr.) has short tails, and is darker above. Accidental 

 varieties have also been met with in which either the black or the copper of the wings was replaced 

 with milk-white. Expands from i to i^ inches. There is a succession of broods of this 

 butterfly throughout the fine season of the year. It abounds almost everywhere in dry, sunny, 

 flowery places, and is found throughout Europe, North Africa, Northern and Western Asia to the 

 Himalayas, and even over the greater part of North America. The larva is green, with red lines 

 on the back and sides, and may be found on sorrel throughout the year. The butterfly and larva 

 are figured at PI. 15, Fig. 2, a, b. 



