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Hesperia. 63 



6. //. CacalicB (Ramb.). — Larger than AIvcus ; the spots of the upper side are smaller, more 

 like dots, and more scattered ; the hind-wings are of a unicolorous dark colour, regularly rounded, 

 and not produced at the anal angle. The under side is more unicolorous than in Alvais, and is 

 brownish-grey ; the spots of the hind-wings are duller and not sharply bordered ; the central 

 band is interrupted in cells 2 and 3, and the large spot beyond and above the discoidal cell is 

 placed nearer the base. The fringes are obscured at their base, and are intersected by a dull line. 

 Inhabits the Alps and Pyrenees in July and August. 



7. H. Alveiis (Hiibn.). — The white spots of the upper side are variable in size and distinctness, 

 and are generally indistinct on the hind-wings, the anal angle of which is distinctly produced. 

 The under side of the fore-wings is brownish-grey, the hind margin only slightly and incon- 

 spicuously lighter ; hind-wings beneath greenish-grey, with the spot of the central band beyond 

 the discoidal cell truncated on the basal side ; the fringes are obscured at their base, and inter- 

 sected by a dull line. Expands about i inch. In the variety Fritilhim (Hiibn.) the under side of 

 the hind-wings is rusty-yellow, with white nervures ; and in the varieties Servatulce (Ramb.) and 

 Cams (Freyer) the spots of the upper side are small, and the spots of the central band on the 

 under side of the hind-wings are punctiform in cells 2 and 3. The upper side of dvcits is scaled 

 with yellow, and the fringes are also yellowish. This species (or some of its numerous varieties) 

 appears to occur in all parts of Europe, except the north-west, as well as in Northern and 

 Western Asia and in North Africa, from May to August, frequenting glades in woods and 

 sunny slopes. It is commoner in the mountains than in the plains. The larva feeds on Polygala 

 Chaniccbuxus. The butterfly is figured at PI. 15, Fig. 8. 



8. H. Centaurece (Wallengr.). — Brown, with the base darker ; fore-wings with two cream- 

 coloured discoidal spots, a much angulated row of cream-coloured spots of moderate size, and a 

 single spot on the inner margin ; hind-wings with two indistinct rows of pale spots. Under side 

 pale grey, the white markings more or less conspicuous and suffused. Expands nearly i inch. 

 Inhabits Scandinavia and Labrador in June and July. 



*9. H. MalvcB (Linn.), Alveolus (Hiibn.), (Gi-izzled Skipper) . — Brown, the spots of the upper side 

 sharply defined, and of about equal size on all the wings, except the central band of the hind- 

 wings, which is generally indicated on the costa only, though sometimes complete ; under side of 

 the fore-wings blackish-grey, with white longitudinal streaks on the hind margin ; hind-wings 

 beneath dark olive-green or cinnamon-brown, with brownish-yellow nervures. In the variety 

 Taras (Bergstr.) the white spots of the fore-wings run together into a broad white band. 

 Expands about i inch. Common throughout the fine season in all parts of Europe, except 

 Ireland, and in Northern and Western Asia, in the glades of woods, heaths, hill-sides, &c. The 

 larva is brownish-yellow, with brownish-red streaks, bordered with yellow, on the back and sides. 

 It feeds on wild raspberry and strawberry in June and autumn. The butterfly is figured at 

 PI. IS, Fig. 9. 



10. H. Phlomidis (Herr. Schaff.). — Fore-wings dull brownish-grey, with the usual three 

 white spots on the costa, followed by two or three small spots and two discoidal spots, below 

 which are two or three larger ones ; hind-wings darker, with a central white band, a white discoidal 

 spot, and an ill-defined marginal line. All the wings with a row of small marginal spots. Under 

 side of fore-wings blackish, with the spots of the upper side ; hind-wings beneath yellowish-green, 

 with the basal spot and two transverse bands white and well defined. Expands about i inch. 

 It is found in Turkey and Asia Minor in June and July. 



11. //. Sao (Hiibn.). — Black; fore wings with a row of small whitish dots before the hind 

 margin on both sides ; the other spots are small on the upper side, but sharply defined, and tlie 



