S.VEKI.VJHUS. 73 



with in the south of England. The larva is green, and more rarely ochre-yellow, with a white 

 stripe on the sides of all the segments beyond the 4th ; the front segments yellow, with a large 

 black eye with two large blue pupils on the sides of the 4th segment. The horn is short and 

 depressed. It lives gregariously from July to September on oleander, preferring the flowers, and 

 has also been found on periwinkle. The transformations are figured at PI. 18, Fig. 3, a — c. 



GENUS V. — SMERINTHUS (LATR.). 



Head and eyes small, the antennie of nearly uniform thickness, and not terminating in a 

 bristle ; wings comparatively broad and more or less dentated. The species differ considerably 

 in structure, each representing a distinct group of the genus. The hind tibiae of Tilic^ have four 

 spurs, and those of the other species ha\e only two. TiH(S has a strong frenulum, the males of 

 QuercHs and Ocellatus a slight one, and the females of the last two and both sexes of Populi have 

 none. The position of the wings at rest is the same as in the last two genera, but the moths fl)' 

 later in the evening. The larva; are granulated, with a strong anal horn. They are green, with 

 a pointed head, and with red or white oblique stripes on the sides. They feed in August and 

 September, change to pupa; in the ground, and the perfect insects appear from May to July. As 

 the proboscis is very short in this genus (and actually wanting in Querciis), the pupae are not 

 furnished with a separate sheath for it. 



* I. ^. TilicB (Linn.), {Lime Hazvk-inoth). — Fore-wings with the hind margin irregularly 

 dentated, ground colour whitish-grey, lilac-grej', or brick-red ; hind margin pale green, with a 

 whitish blotch near the tip ; a dark green band across the centre, generally formed of two 

 irregularly-shaped spots ; hind-wings yellowish or reddish, with a dark band beyond the middle. 

 Expands from 2i to 3 inches. Common in Europe, except the north and the extreme south, and 

 in Siberia. The larva is green, with oblique stripes on all the segments beyond the 4th, which 

 are reddish above and yellow beneath. It has a granulated plate beneath the horn, which is 

 generally red. It feeds on lime. The transformations are figured at PI. 19, Fig. i, a — c. 



2. S. Qucrcus (W. V.). — Fore-wings with the hind margin irregularly dentated, pale ochre-yellow, 

 with several darker transverse lines ; the hind margin, the outside of the third line, and the inside 

 of the second suffused with brown towards the costa. Hind-\\ing3 fawn-colour, \\ith a large white 

 blotch towards the anal angle. Two small reddish-brown spots near the hinder angle of all the 

 wings. E.xpands from 3I to 3f inches. A scarce species in South Europe and Asia Minor. The 

 larva, which feeds on young oaks, is very similar to that of ^. Populi, but the oblique stripes are 

 alternately broad and narrow ; the horn is pale blue, and the head is bordered with orange-yellow. 

 The moth is figured at PI. 19, Fig. 2. 



* 3. 6". Populi (Linn.), {Poplar Hazck-utotli). — Wings regularly dentated, brownish, purplish, 

 or yellowish-grey ; fore-wings with a short white mark at the end of the cell, and with sev'eral 

 irregular dark transverse lines. The middle area of the fore-wings and the hind margin of all 

 the wings are more or less clouded with darker. Hind-W'ings with a large reddish blotch at the 

 base, and with one or two dark lines beyond it. Expands from 2\ to 3 J inches. When the 

 insect is at rest, the front portion of the hind-wings stands considerably out beyond the costa of 

 the fore-wings. This insect is one of the commonest species of the family throughout Europe, 

 except the extreme north and south, and Northern and W'estern Asia. The lar\'a is very like 

 that of 5. Ocellatus, but is more slender in front and of a more yellowish-green, often with 

 brownish-red spots on the sides ; the horn is green, and is shorter and straighter. It feeds on 

 various trees, especially poplars and willows. The moth and larva are figured at PL 19, I-lg. 3, a, b. 



17 



