78 EuKOrEAN DUTTF.RFIJFS AJVD MoTH!^. 



the transverse band and the hind margin. Tiie two latter transparent areas are often more or less 

 obliterated with darker. This genus may be divided into two sections. 



A. The transparent space oil the inner margin of the fore-wi7igs extends at least as far as the 

 dark band, and is perfectly transparent. The larvcB live in the trunks and branches of tires and 

 shrubs. 



* I. 5. Scolimformis (Borkh.). — Body, as well as the costa, the broad heart-shaped band, and 

 the hind margin of the fore-wings, bluish-black ; the sides of the shoulders and the 2nd and 

 4th segments of the abdomen narrowlj- bordered with yellow; the 4th segment whitish-yellow 

 beneath ; anal tuft orange, with a black triangle above in the male ; the last half of the antennas is 

 whitish in the female. Expands from i to ij inches. A scarce and local insect, found throughout 

 Europe (the south excepted) in July. In Britain it has occurred near Llangollen, in North Wales, 

 and traces of the larva are believed to have been noticed at Killarney. The larva lives for two 

 years in old birch-trees, between the trunk and the bark. 



* 2. S. Spheciformis (W. V.). — The body and anal tuft, as well as the costa, the band, which is 

 of uniform breadth, and the hind margin of the fore-wings, bluish-black ; the .shoulders, and the 

 2nd segment of the abdomen above and the 4th below, narrowly bordered with pale yellow ; 

 antennae broadly whitish at the tip. Expands about i inch. Widely distributed throughout 

 Europe and Northern Asia in Maj' and June, but nowhere common, and in many places, as in 

 England, a great rarity. The larva lives for two years in the stems of the alder. 



3. S. Mcsiceforniis (Herr. Schafif.). — Body and anal tuft, as well as the costa, band, and hind 

 margins of the fore-wings, and a stripe on the disc of the hind-wings, black ; the shoulders edged 

 with yellow, and the abdomen with two yellow belts ; legs yellow, with the femora and the 

 e.xtremities of the tibia: black ; the antennre with the apical half yellow in the male, and with a 

 white fascia in the female. It occurs at Sarepta. 



* 4. S. AndrejicBfortnis (X^'Asy^)). — Body, costa, the uniformlj' broad band and hind margin of 

 the fore-wings, bluish-black ; the 2nd and 4th segments of the abdomen bordered above with 

 pale yellow ; the 4th, and sometimes also the 3rd and 5th, pure white below ; the anal tuft 

 mixed with yellow. Expands rather under i inch. A very scarce species, though widely 

 di.stributed, occurring in England, Austria, South Russia, and perhaps in Spain. 



5. S. Ceplnfoniiis (Ochs.). — Very close to Tiptcliforniis, but the hind margin of the fore-wings 

 is unicolorous bluish-black, and not dusted with yellow, and the anal tuft is )'ellow at the extremity 

 in the male, and almost entirely so in the female. Expands rather less than i inch. A scarce 

 insect in Germany and South-Eastern Europe in June ; it has been found as far westward as 

 Alsace. The larva lives in the trunks of Finns Abies, and in excrescences on the twigs of the 

 juniper. 



*6. 5'. Tipuliforniis (Clerck.), {Currant CIcariving). — ^Body, anal tuft, costa, and uniformly 

 broad band of the fore-wings bluish-black ; the hind margin golden-yellow between the nervures ; 

 the abdomen with four narrow pale yellow belts in the male, and three in the female. Expands 

 rather less than i inch. Common throughout Europe and Western Asia in May and June. The 

 larva lives for one season only solitarily in the shoots of the red and black currant, where it feeds 

 on the pith in winter and early spring. This insect has lately been introduced into both North 

 America and New Zealand with currant-bushes. The moth and larva are figured at PI. 20, 

 Fig. 8, a, b. 



7. S. Conopiforims (Esp.). — Very like Tipuliforniis, but rather larger ; there is a double 

 yellow spot at the back of the thorax, the outer transparent space is rather broader and nearer to 

 the hind margin, and the marginal band is yellowish-red between the nervures. Expands about 



