84 European Butterflies and Moths. 



the flowers of the sorrel and of umbelliferous plants. The variety Chakociieniis (Stand.), from 

 Spain and South France, has the face dark bronze-colour, and the wings scaled with brownish. 

 Only the spurs of the hind tibiae are yellowish, and only the 4th segment of the abdomen is 

 bordered with white. The variety Minianifonnis (Fre>'cr), from Turkey, has yellowish longi- 

 tudinal lines on the thorax ; and the hinder edge of the thorax, and segments 2, 4, and 6 of 

 the abdomen (and in the male, segment 7 also), are belted with yellow. (5. Oiyssifonnis, Herr. 

 Schiiff., from Sicily, is probably a variety either of Chrysidiformis or Dolerifonnis ; it is black, with 

 the front and sides of the thorax and the hinder half of the abdomen red ; the legs are yellow, with 

 black femora ; the wings are bordered with brown, and the fore-wings are red, with a transparent 

 band, crossed by the black central stripe.) 



37. Ji'. Chalcidiformis (Hiibn.). — Very like Cluysidiforinis, but the face is dark, the abdomen is 

 not belted with white, and the anal tuft is orange-red in the middle. The hind tibiae are blackish- 

 blue at the base and at the ends. Expands about three-quarters of an inch. It is found in South 

 Europe, as far north as French Switzerland, and in Western Asia. In the variety Schinidtii (Led.), 

 from Dalmatia and Sicily, the 4th segment of the abdomen is narrowly bordered with white behind. 



38. 5. Fceiiiformis (Herr. Schafif.). — Black or bronzed ; fore-wings (except along the costa), 

 segments 4 to 6 of the abdomen, and the hinder portion of the anal tuft, red or orange. 

 Segment 4 has a complete reddish belt, bordered behind with white. Expands about i inch. 

 A rare and little known Sicilian species. 



GENUS IV. — BEMBECIA (HUBN.). 



y\ntenna; of the male pectinated. Eyes and palpi small ; anal tuft truncated ; fore-wings very 

 narrow, with ten nervures, and with very small transparent spaces. The moths fly by night, and 

 fold their wings close together when at rest. The larva lives for one season onl}'. The only 

 species is B. Hylcsiformis (Lasp.), which is bluish-black ; abdomen with broad yellow belts ; fore- 

 wings brown, with narrow transparent spaces in the discoidal cell and along the inner margin ; 

 the apical transparent spot is small, consisting of only three cells. Expands a little more than 

 I inch. It is widely distributed in Central Europe (England and Holland excepted) from June to 

 August. The larva lives solitarily in the roots and the lower parts of the stem of the raspberry. 

 It may be found by gently breaking off the old stems just above the root, when both the stem 

 and the root must be examined, as it may be concealed in either. The moth is figured at 

 PI. 20, Fig. 15. 



GENUS V. — PAR.\NTHRENE (HUBN.). 



Antenna; scarcel)^ thickened, and tapering to a point ; palpi very long and hairy ; fore-wings 

 opaque and very narrow ; legs very hairy. 



1. P. Tineifonnis (Esp.). — Brown ; fore-wings and abdomen more or less varied with luteous ; 

 hind-wings transparent, with the hind margins brown. The hind tibiae are yellowish on the inside 

 and in the middle. In the variety Brosiformis (Herr. Schaff.) the two first segments of the 

 abdomen are white in the female, and the first is bordered in front with white in the male. 

 Expands nearly three-quarters of an inch. It is found throughout Southern Europe in June and 

 July ; the variety Brosiformis is commoner from South-Eastern Europe and Asia Minor. 



2. P. Mynitosaformis (Herr. Schaff.). — Bronzy black ; fore -wings reddish-brown ; hind tibiae 

 luteous, with the extremities bluish-black. Expands nearly i inch. Inhabits Turkey, Greece, 

 and Asia Minor in May and June. The variety Cingulata (Staud.), from Greece, has yellow belts 

 on the abdomen. 



