EnDR OMIS A GLTA. I 2 5 



* 3. D. Cultraria (Fabr.), Unguiciila (Hiibn.). — Ochre-}'ello\v, with a broad brown central band 

 bordered with paler. Size of Binaria. It appears to be common throughout Europe wherever the 

 beech grows. Its larva, which is pale brown, with a rosy spot on the back, feeds on this tree. 



FAMILY X.— SATURNID.^. 



To this family belong the Atlas and Emperor Moths, formerly placed by Linne in his 

 sub-genus At/acus, and it therefore comprises the largest species of Bombyccs, some of which are 

 among the largest known moths, measuring nearly a foot from tip to tip of the fore-wings. 

 To this family and the true Bouihycidce belong all the silkworms of any economic value. The 

 Saturiiidm have thick, woolly bodies, a small retracted head, triangular fore-wings, and rounded 

 hind-wings. The palpi and tongue are usually obsolete ; the antennae of the male are plumose, 

 and the legs are woolly. All the wings (except in Endroniis) are furnished with a coloured or 

 transparent crescent-shaped, or angulated eye-spot in the middle ; and the internal nervure of the 

 hind-wings runs to the anal angle. The larvE are thick and naked, but have generally warty 

 tubercles covered with spines. They change into a thick obtuse pupa enclosed in a cocoon, and 

 generally hybernate in this state. The males fly rapidly and unsteadily during the day, and 

 the females sit quietly awaiting them. The former can frequently be taken in numbers by 

 " assembling.'^ 



GENUS I. — ENDROMIS (OCHS.). 



The pectinations of the antcnnjE moderately long and thick in the male, and small in the 

 female ; wings chequered, with no eye-spot. The abdomen extends a little beyond the anal angle 

 of the hind-wings. The larva is smooth, with a pyramidal elevation on the 12th segment. The 

 only species, *E. Versicolora, Linn, (the Kentish Glory), has brown fore-wings, chequered with 

 whitish, with two brown transverse lines bordered with whitish, and an angulated brown streak on 

 the hind-wings, which are rusty -yellow in the male, and whitish in the female. Expands from 2\ to 

 2i inches. It seems to be found throughout Europe, e.xcept the south, frequenting woods in April, 

 but is seldom common. In the morning the females sit at the ends of the birch-twigs, and may 

 be beaten from them. About eleven o'clock the males begin to fly about in search of the females, 

 which drop ofi' the twigs after pairing, and are then difficult to find. The larva is green, with two 

 white longitudinal streaks on the upper side of the front segments, and with white oblique streaks 

 running upwards and forwards on the sides of the hinder ones. It feeds on birch and elder in May 

 and June. The male, female, and larva are figured at PI. 27, Fig. i, a — c. 



GENUS II. — AGLI.\ (OCHS.). 



Antennae with long pectinations in the male, and serrated in the female ; the wings with 

 eye-spots with white centres ; fore-wings rather pointed. The larva with protuberances on the 

 back. The only species, A. Tan, Linn, (the Tau Emperor), is ochre-yellow, with a brown streak 

 edged with whitish before the hind margins (absent on the fore-wings in the female), and a blue 

 eye in the middle of each wing, containing a white T-shaped spot, and surrounded with a black 

 ring. Expands from 2\ to 2I- inches. It is common in many parts of Central Europe (e.xcept 

 Britain) and Northern Asia. The moth appears from March to May, and the females are found 

 sitting on the trunks of trees, or on the ground among dry leaves ; and the males fly rapidly by 

 day. The larva is green, with five red spines when young, which it loses when full-grown. It has 



