172 European Butterflies and Morirs. 



Tricnspis (Esp.) has unicolorous reddish-brown fore-wings, with a large three-lobed white spot. 

 Expands from i\ to i^ inches. Common in Central and Northern Europe and Northern 

 Asia from July to September. The larva is thick and naked, brown, with three pale lines 

 on the back, and black plates on the 2nd and last segments. It feeds on the roots of grass 

 from autumn to June, and is often injurious. 



GENUS XXXI. — PERIGRAPIIA (LED.). 



Body stout, the fore-wings a little broader behind, with the tips pointed, and the fringes 

 waved ; the stigmata contiguous, the hind-wings small and narrow, the abdomen small, though 

 extending beyond the anal angle ; legs and palpi covered with long hair ; the tongue strong. 

 The best known species, P. I-cvtctum (W. V.), has dark violet-grey fore-wings ; the three 

 stigmata are very large, reddish ashy-grey, and united on the median nervure, and are placed 

 on a deep black ground ; the hind-wings are brownish-grey. Expands about if inches. It 

 is not a common species, but occurs in Eastern Europe and the Altai in April and May. 

 Larva reddish, shaded with grey, with three yellowish-white lines on the back, and a yellow 

 stripe on the sides. It lives on low plants in June and July. P. Ciraniidncta (Led.), from 

 Sarepta and the Altai, is allied to I-cinctum, but the antennae of the male are more strongly 

 pectinated, and the stigmata are wider apart, very pale, and bordered with pale yellowish. 

 The stigmata stand on a cofifee-brown ground, shading into deep black immediately around 

 them. The reniform stigma slopes oblique outwards from the costa, and is much widened on 

 both sides at the median nervure by a straight, sharply-defined dash, which forms an acute 

 angle on the inner side, where the stigma is much further from the inner line than in I-ciiicltiin, 

 and it is much less curved between them. 



GENU.S XXXII. — T^NIOCAMPA (LED.). 



Middle-sized or rather small moths, with stout bodies; the fore-wings rectangular, slightly 

 rounded above the hinder angle, with rounded, or at most with very slightly waved fringes. 

 The wings are yellow, brown, or grey, with the orbicular and reniform stigmata large, and the 

 claviform stigma generally wanting. The transverse lines are seldom distinct, the submarginal 

 line is not indented, brownish-grey, and seldom white. The abdomen extends a little 

 beyond the anal angle ; the legs and palpi are hairy, and the last joint of the latter is 

 distinctly visible. The antennae of the males are either pectinated or ciliated. The larvae 

 are cylindrical and naked, and feed with a few exceptions, which will be noticed, in June 

 and July. Most of them live on trees, and the moths all appear in April and May, and 

 may be taken at sugar or at sallow-blossoms. 



* I. T. GotJiica (Linn.). — Fore-wings brownish-red, varied with violet-grey, with the transverse 

 lines pale, and a deep black longitudinal streak above the claviform stigma ; the discoidal cell 

 between the inner line and the reniform stigma filled up with deep black, except in variety 

 Gothiciiia (Herr.-Schafif.), the orbicular stigma produced in front. Expands from \\ to \\ 

 inches. Common throughout Europe and the Altai. The larva is green, with three dull 

 pale lines on the back, and a white stripe on the sides. It lives on various shrubs and low 

 plants. The moth and larva are figured at PI. 33, Fig. 9, a, b. 



2. T. Porosa (Eversm.). — Dark brown, the markings of the fore-wings violet-grey, with the 

 outlines of the orbicular and reniform stigmata reproduced by dark lines within them. Two 

 spots near the base, the claviform stigma, a square spot between the other stigmata, a triangle 



