igo European Butterflies and Moths. 



bordered with brown towards the costa in front ; tlie rcniform stigma filled up with dusky below ; 

 hind-wings pale grey. Head, collar, and palpi rusty-red. Expands from i^ to i\ inches. A scarce 

 and local insect, though widely distributed in Northern and Central Europe and the Altai in 

 June and July ; in Britain it occurs at Rannoch. The larva is greyish-brown, varied with pale 

 yellow, with three dirty yellow macular lines on the back, and a pale line on the sides, suffused 

 below. It feeds on low plants till May. 



*4. A. XantJiograplia (W. V.). — Fore-wings paler or darker cinnamon-brown, or brownish- 

 grey, rarely pale grey (variety Co/uesa, Hcrr.-Schiiff.), with single dark transverse lines, strongly 

 dentated, but often indistinct, and black dots beyond the elbowed line ; the orbicular stigma is 

 surrounded with pale yellow, and the reniform stigma is pale yellow, marked with dusky both 

 above and below ; hind-wings whitish in the male and brownish-grey in the female. Expands 

 about I A inches. Abundant in Central and Southern Europe in August and September. The 

 larva is clay-colour, with three whitish lines on the back, the two outermost shaded with black 

 above ; and a dark brown stripe on the sides. It feeds on grass, primroses, &c., till May. 

 {A. Kermesiua, Mab., found in Corsica in August, is reddish, the transverse lines black, nearly 

 straight, interrupted, and but little marked ; the stigmata absent, but the costa marked with two 

 black spots, one near the base and the other about the middle ; hind-wings white.) 



*5. A. Unibrosa (Hiibn.). — Fore-wings yellowish-brown, with narrow brown nervures and two 

 single narrow transverse lines, scarcely dentated. The two stigmata are brownish, surrounded 

 with rusty-brown, the central shade is brownish and angulated, and the subterminal line is replaced 

 by a suffused brownish stripe. Hind-wings brownish-grey, whitish towards the base. Expands 

 I J inches. Common in the west of Europe in August and September. The larva is yellowish- 

 brown, varied with greenish, with three pale lines on the back, the two outermost bordered above 

 with blackish ; and a greyish-brown stripe on the sides, bordered below with a yellowish-grey 

 one. It feeds on grass growing in dry sandy places, till the end of April. 



*6. A. Rubi (View.), Bella (Tr.).— Fore-wings reddish-violet-brown, darker between the pale 

 grey stigmata, with two double brown transverse lines, which are not dentated ; and the sub- 

 terminal line shaded with dusky behind. Hind-wings dusted with grey. Expands from \\ to \\ 

 inches. Common in Central Europe in July and August. The larva is smoky-brown, with 

 three pale lines on the back bordered with black, and a broad pale brown stripe on the sides. 

 It lives on grass, plantain, &c., till May. 



7. A. Florida (Schmidt). — Scarcely differs from Rubi, but more robust, and larger, rarely 

 expanding less than \\ inches ; the colouring is also lighter and brighter. Inhabits damp meadows 

 at Wismar and in Jutland in June and July. The larva is coffee-coloured, with three whitish 

 lines on the back ; the sides are paler, with two fine whitish waved lines, and a reddish-brown 

 longitudinal stripe below. It feeds chiefly on Caltha pahistris till April. 



8. A. Piinicea (Hiibn.). — Fore-wings reddish-violet, with two double brown transverse lines, 

 not dentated, but filled up with paler, and a square rusty-brown mark between the two rusty- 

 yellow stigmata ; the central shade and suffused submarginal band reddish-brown ; hind-wings 

 yellowish-white, dusted with grey. Expands from i-^ to li inches. Widely distributed in Central 

 Europe (except Britain) and the Altai in May and June, but very local, and always scarce. The 

 larva is clay-colour, with a pale line on the back, beneath which are dark dashes bordered below 

 with paler ; and a dark stripe on the sides. It feeds on raspberry, dandelion, &c., till April. 



*9. A. Festiva (W. V.). — Fore-wings greyish or reddish ochreous, varied with brown, with 

 two brown double dentated transverse lines, and a black or dark spot between the two stigmata, 

 and sometimes an additional spot before the orbicular stigma ; the central shade and suffused 



