2 12 European Butterflies and Moths. 



GENUS XI. — APOROPHYLLA (r.F.n.). 



Middle-sized motlis, the fore-wings with the hind margin moderately curved, and the tips 

 truncated ; the markings not very prominent, the transverse lines slender, black, indistinctly 

 double, and slightly dentated ; the three stigmata narrowly surrounded with black, the subterminal 

 line indistinct and zigzag ; hind-wings white, darker in the female, with the hind margin brownish, 

 and the abdomen extending considerably beyond the anal angle. The larvae are green, with 

 reddish longitudinal lines. They live on low plants in May and June, and change to pupre in the 

 ground. The moths appear in September and October. 



* I. A Nigra (Haw.). — Fore-wings narrow, coal-black, with a reddish-violet shade, and 

 strongly waved fringes ; the reniform stigma is bordered with yellowish dots behind, and the 

 claviform stigma is large ; the subterminal line is very indistinct, but bordered with a few 

 dark arrow-heads in front; the antenna; of the male are dentated. Expands from ih to i| 

 inches. The larva is yellowish-green, with three brick-red stripes on the back and one on the 

 sides. It feeds on sorrel, &c. {A. Miolciica, Tr., from Sicily and Andalusia, has the fore-wings 

 marbled with brown and yellow, with the central area darker, and the reniform stigma and a 

 transverse stripe at the tip, yellowish.) 



* 2. A. Lntiiknta (W. V.). — Fore-wings broad, violet-brown, with the fringes slightly waved, 

 the reniform stigma very narrowly bordered with paler behind, the transverse lines nearly 

 single, and slightly bordered with paler on the opposite sides, the subterminal line zigzag, 

 slightly bordered with dusky in front, and the antenna: of the male pectinated. Expands about 

 \\ inches. Local throughout Central Europe. The variety Luiicbnrgensis (Freyer), from North 

 Germany, is smaller, with dark violet-grey fore-wings, dark grey in the central area, with all 

 the markings more sharply defined ; and variety Sedi (Guen.), from South-Western Europe, is 

 uniform grey, with distinct black bands. The larva is green, rose-red on the sides, with a red 

 line on the back, and a dull yellow stripe on the sides. It feeds on Stellaria, &c. 



* 3- ^- Atistralis (Boisd.). — Very variable ; fore-wings of a more or less whitish-grey, and 

 often shaded with red ; sometimes entirely red, or even blackish, in which case the transverse 

 lines are more or less bordered with whitish-grey. The lines are slender, black, more or less 

 visible, very zigzag, and united lower down to form an oval figure, crossed by the submedian 

 nervure. The stigmata are more or less visible, and are brown, narrowly surrounded with 

 black ; the fringes spotted with brown and ashy. In the female the markings are better 

 defined. Expands li inches. It inhabits Southern and Western Europe, and is rare in the 

 south of England. The larva is reddish-yellow, with a pale line on the back, and a row of 

 black spots on the sides. It feeds on grass, chicory, &c., in March. {A. MiUticuspis, Eversm., 

 from South Russia, has brownish fore-wings, with whitish nervures, and the inner spot placed 

 horizontally. A. Catalaitnensis, Mill, from Spain, is of the size oi Australis ; t\vQ fore-wings are 

 long and rectangular, whitish, washed with brown ; the base, costa, and discoidal cell violet- 

 brown ; two black basal streaks, one in the costa and the other in the middle opposite to the 

 reniform stigma, which is large, brown, bordered with black, and traversed by a third' black 

 dash, which e.xtends to the fringes, which are preceded by a run of small black arrow-headed 

 spots ; two small oblong spots, one white and the other brown, before the reniform stigma. 

 Hind-wings whitish, with brown nervures, and white fringes, preceded by a row of brown 

 lunules. During the day the larva hides itself in the sand, which it resembles in colour, under 

 tufts of Ononis rainosissiina). 



