XyLOCAMPA LiTHOCAMPA EPJMECIA. 245 



distinct ; hind-wings round, scarcely contracted below the tips ; the palpi small, and hairy below, 

 the collar seldom so much developed as in Qicullia, the abdomen convex, and not extending much 

 beyond the anal angle. When at rest, the wings are generally sloping. The larvae are naked, 

 with sixteen legs. 



GENUS I. — XYLOCAMPA (GU£N.). 



Fore-wings narrow towards the base, coarsely scaled, with long fringes ; the claviform stigma 

 absent, but the other stigmata of equal size ; the transverse lines are indistinct, and the head has 

 a hairy crest in front. The moth flies late in the evening. The only species, *X. Areola, Esp. 

 (Lithorhiza, Borkh.), has grey fore-wings, dusted with brown, and varied with brown in the central 

 area, with a black basal streak ; the two stigmata large, united, and edged below by two black 

 curves ; the subterminal space suffused in front, and spotted with dark brown behind, and some- 

 times in front also; hind-wings dusted with grey. Expands from \\ to \\ inches. Inhabits 

 Western Europe in March and April. The larva is grey, with a whitish line on the back, below 

 which are black spots on the 8th and 9th segments, and a dark stripe on the sides. It feeds on 

 honeysuckle in June and July, hides itself during the day, and undergoes its transformations in 

 the ground. 



GENUS II. — LITHOCAMPA (GU£N.). 



Fore-wings narrow at the base, with smooth scales and short fringes ; the elbowed line is 

 visible below the costa, and the subterminal line at the hinder angle, the other lines being 

 obliterated ; the hind-wings are broad, and the palpi thinly clothed with hair. The moths fly 

 at night. The larvae have two small pointed projections on the I2th segment, and the two 

 first pairs of prolegs are shorter than the others. They change to pupae in a loose cocoon. 

 The commonest species, L. Rainosa (Esp.), has pale ashy-grey fore-wings, broadly brown on 

 the inner margin, with a light brown transverse shade running towards the tip in the suffused 

 submarginal band, and black longitudinal streaks on the hind margin ; the orbicular and 

 reniform stigmata are connected below, and form a strong rounded projection ; hind-wings 

 white, with the hind margin brownish. Expands from i^ to li inches. Inhabits the south of 

 Central Europe in May and June. The larva is brownish-yellow, varied with whitish on the 

 back, and with blackish oblique dashes ; on the sides is a dark longitudinal stripe. It feeds 

 on honeysuckle in July and August. The other species, L. Millierei (Staud.), from Catalonia, 

 has silver-grey fore-wings, with a dark longitudinal shade running nearly to the hind margin, 

 where it divides into four short streaks running to the tip. The two upper stigmata are 

 broadly bordered with white, especially the lower end of the reniform stigma, and the 

 orbicular stigma forms a long narrow segment of a circle, running obliquely outwards, and 

 nearly touching the reniform stigma ; a small portion of it even extends beyond the discoidal 

 cell. Otherwise, the species resembles Ramosa ; and the larva likewise feeds on honeysuckle, 

 and is double-brooded. 



GENUS III. — EPIMECIA (GU£N.). 



Fore-wings long and narrow, broader behind, with the tip rounded and the hind margin 

 rather oblique ; the A^i7c/««-pattern very indistinct. Hind-wings and fringes broad and rounded ; 

 larva long and slender, spindle-shaped. The only species, E. Ustula (Freyer), has slaty-grey 

 fore-wings, with the hind margin and a longitudinal shade in the middle of the wing rusty- 



