258 European Butterflies axd Moths. 



The only species, E. Laudcli (Boisd.), has white fore-wings, varied with purplish-brown between 

 the thick half-line and the inner line, and on both sides of the elbowed line, which is com- 

 posed of double black lunules, increasing in size towards the inner margin ; the stigmata are 

 narrowly surrounded with dusky, and the reniform stigma is filled up with dark grey ; hind- 

 wings white, with a zigzag curved grey stripe. Expands a little more than i inch. Inhabits 

 the Valais, South-Eastern Europe, and Western Asia in June. 



GENUS II. — HELTACA (lIERR.-SCHAFF.). 



Fore-wings dark-coloured, almost without markings, and the fringes unspotted; hind-wings 

 broad and rounded, extending as far as the abdomen, and yellow in the middle. The only 

 European species, *//. Tencbrata, Scop. {Arbiiti, Fabr. ; Small Yellow Uiulcriuini^), lias olive- 

 brown fore-wings, with a dark and strongly zigzag central shade ; hind-wings yellow, with the 

 base and hind margin broadly black. Expands about three-quarters of an inch. Common in 

 meadows in the greater part of Europe from April to June. The larva is pale green, with 

 a dark line on the back and pale lines beneath it, and a white line on the sides. It feeds on 

 Ccrastium arvcnsc in June. The moth is figured at PI. 39, Fig. 9. 



GENUS III. — IIELIODES (GUIlN.). 



Closely allied to Hcliaca, but the wings dark, with pale fringes, and the fore-wings with 

 whitish markings. H. Riipicola (W. V.) has the head and thorax rusty-yellow, the fore-wings 

 shining yellowish-brown, marked nearly as in Hcliaca Tenebrata, but the two stigmata more or 

 less marked in white ; hind-wings unicolorous golden-brown. All the fringes pale yellow, 

 spotted with black. E.xpands about three-quarters of an inch. Inhabits South-Eastern Europe 

 in June, when it is found sucking honey from the flowers of the Alpine medlar on hot 

 afternoons. (//. Thcophila, Staud., from Greece and Asia Minor, is rather darker, and the 

 fringes are only interrupted by a broad black spot above the hinder angle of the fore-wings ; 

 it occurs in May.) 



GENUS IV.— ANARTA (TR.). 



Fore-wings generally with the iVi^c/wa-pattern, but the reniform stigma very small above, 

 and the fringes sometimes spotted with paler ; hind-wings rounded, extending nearly as far as 

 the tip of the abdomen, white or yellow, with a black border, or else wholly black. Nearly 

 all the species of this genus are either Alpine or Polar. 



* I. A. Rlyytilli (Linn.), {Beautiful Yellozv Underiving). — Fore-wings varied with dull red and 

 olive-green, with unicolorous stigmata ; double scarcely-dentated black transverse lines ; a white 

 spot below the orbicular stigma, edged outside with paler, and a white subterminal line ; hind- 

 wings j'ellow, broadly brownish-black at the base and hind margin. Expands about I inch. 

 Common on heaths throughout the greater part of Europe in summer and autumn ; it flies 

 very rapidly, and is not easily caught. The larva is green, with three rows of yellow spots on 

 the back, and oblique white spots on the sides ; it feeds on heath. {A. Bohcuiani, Stand., 

 from Lapland, resembles A. Cordigcra, but the reniform stigma, though sometimes pale, is never 

 white ; the fore-wings resemble those of an Acronycta) 



* 2. A. Cordigcra (Thunb.). — Fore-wings black, dusted with grey in the basal and marginal 

 areas, with a large whitish rcnifonn stigma ; hind-wings yellow, with a black border. Size of 



