LiGNYOPTERA — HiBERNIA. 3 i 5 



discoidal spot is small ; hind-wings paler, without markings above, but with an indistinct line 

 below. Expands about li inches. Inhabits South Europe and North Africa from January 

 to March. The larva is cylindrical and rigid, without prominences, and a little narrower in 

 front ; it is of a dull green on the back and sides, and flesh-colour below. It feeds on the 

 buds of Cistus incamis and Hellantliemuni polyfolium in April and May. 



GENUS XXXIX. — LIGNYOPTERA (LED.). 



Slender; fore-wings almost without markings in the male, and moderately broad, with 

 the tips rather rounded, and the hind margin oblique and nearly straight in front, but 

 strongly curved towards the hinder angle ; hind-wings large, convex in the middle of the hind 

 margin, and the costa considerably longer than the inner margin, and extending considerably 

 beyond the hinder angle of the fore-wings. The only species, L. Fuuiidaria (Hiibn.), has 

 reddish-grey fore-wings, indistinctly speckled with grey, and with a large and dark, but very 

 indistinct, half-circle on the costa ; hind-wings clearer grey. Expands from \\ to i^ inches. 

 It is found in Hungary and South Russia in October and November. 



GENUS XL. — HIBERNIA (LATR.). 



Slender ; fore-wings yellow or grey, dusted with darker, and with darker transverse 

 lines ; hind-wings broad, rounded, or somewhat truncated behind, with the inner margin shorter 

 than the costa, and paler than the fore-wings ; the hind margin is entire, except in the last 

 species, in which it is dentated. The wings of the females are rudimentary, and the larvae are 

 slender, with raised spots on the back, and a heart-shaped head. They feed on various forest- 

 trees in May and June, and are not particular about their food. The moths appear in 

 October and November, or in early spring. 



*i. H. Dcfoliaria (Linn.). — Fore-wings with the hind margin very oblique below the 

 middle, yellow, coarsely dusted with rusty-brown, and often marked with one or two black 

 undentated, but strongly curved transverse lines, broadly bordered with rusty-brown, and a black 

 central spot ; sometimes unicolorous brownish-red, dusted with darker ; hind-wings pale grey, 

 speckled with brownish. Expands about if inches. The female is wholly wingless, yellow, 

 spotted with black. Common in Central Europe late in autumn. The larva is brown, with a 

 ■dark double line on the back, and a broad yellow stripe on the sides. The male moth is 

 figured at PI. 44, Fig. 4. 



*2. H. Aiirantiaria (Esp.). — Fore-wings with the hind margin slightly curved, golden- 

 yellow, indistinctly dusted with violet-brown, with two violet-brown undentated transverse 

 lines, the second line slightly curved inwards about the middle ; hind-wings paler, with an 

 indistinctly darker line in the middle. Expands from l| to if inches. The female is 

 brownish-grey, with the feet and antennae ringed with paler ; the wings one-fourth as long 

 as the body, with black transverse lines and long hair-like fringes. Common in Central 

 Europe late in autumn. The larva is grey or brown, with dark lines on the back and 

 sides, the latter bordered with white above. The male moth is figured at PI. 44, Fig. 5. 



*3. H. Progemmaria (Hiibn.). — Fore-wings with the hind margin straight ; pale reddish- 

 grey, finely dusted with black, and with black marginal dots ; the transverse lines as in 

 Aurantiaria, brown, the second slightly edged with darker behind; hind-wings whitish and 

 truncated. Expands from i^ to I^ inches. The fore-wings of the female are two-thirds 



