Gnophos. 321 



The costa of the fore-wings is sh'ghtly curved, and the hind margin is generally as long 

 as the inner margin ; hind-wings broad, with the costa as long or longer than the inner 

 margin. The antennas of the males are pectinated, or evenly ciliated, and their hind tibije 

 are often thickened. The larvse are cylindrical, generally with small warts or points, especially 

 on the last segment but one, and with two points on the last segment. Most of them 

 may be fed on lettuce in confinement. The moths are met with chiefly in the mountainous 

 districts, from May to July. They sit on rocks and the trunks of trees, and are very easily 

 disturbed. They may be divided into several sections. 



A. — AntenniB of the males ciliated (pectinated in Stevenaria) and their hind tibice thickened ; 

 the wings strongly ivaved or zigzag, and the tips of the fore-wings pointed. 



1. G. Stevenaria (Boisd.). — Wings shining grey, with two common angulated brown lines, 

 one near the base, and the other beyond the middle ; fore-wings with three dark brown 

 costal spots, and the hind-wings angulated. Expands about ih inches. Inhabits Andalusia, 

 South-Eastern Europe, and Western Asia. 



2. G. Diunetata (Tr.). — Wings strongly dentated, violet-grey, with the hind margins brownish ; 

 fore-wings with three dark costal spots, the transverse lines indicated by black dots, the 

 under side with no curved line, the forehead not darker, and the hind tibise of the male slightly 

 thickened. Expands from 2 to 2\ inches. Inhabits South France and South-Eastern Europe 

 in autumn. The larva is flesh-coloured, with a yellow stripe on the sides. It feeds on Pliillyrea 

 latifolia. 



3. G. Furvata (W. V.). — Wings strongly dentated, violet-grey or greenish, finely dusted with 

 darker, brownish-grey in the central area, with small dark central rings, the second line strongly 

 dentated, and the subterminal line suffused, the under side with no curved line, and the hind tibise 

 of the male long and slightly thickened. Expands from 2 to 2\ inches. It is found in the 

 mountains of South-Central Europe in July. The larva is yellowish or brown with a darker 

 line on the back, reddish subdorsal stripes, and a suft'used grey stripe on the sides. It feeds on 

 plantain in May and June. 



*4. G. Obscnrata (W. V.). — Hind margin of the fore-wings lobed, and of the hind-wings 

 strongly dentated ; wings grey, thickly speckled with dusky, with dark central lunules ; the 

 second line black, strongly dentated, and visible on the underside also ; the forehead dark brown, 

 and the hind tibia; of the male short and strongly thickened. It differs considerably in colour ; 

 the vcLrieties Argillacearia and Calccata of Staudinger are clay-coloured and whitish respectively; 

 the latter is a rarity. Expands from \\ to li inches. Common in the greater part of Europe 

 in June and July. The larva is brownish, with oblique yellowish dashes, and a brown line on 

 the sides. It feeds on bramble and wormwood in April and May. 



5. G. Respersaria (Hiibn.). — Wings dusted with brownish-grey, and slightly dentated ; 

 fore-wings reticulated with pale yellow on the costa, and marked with three or four dark 

 brown spots from which run transverse lines ; hind-wings transversely striated with brown, 

 yellowish on the hind margin and near the lines ; all the wings below finely dusted with 

 brown, and with dark central spots ; the forehead dark brown, and the hind tibiae of the male 

 long and slightly thickened. Expands about i| inches. It inhabits Spain, Dalinatia, and 

 perhaps the Alps, in July. The larva feeds on Rluininns alaternus, according to Milliere ; but 

 I do not describe it because his description does not seem to agree with his figure ; other 

 authors say it feeds on birch. 



6. G. Sartata (Tr.). — Fore-wings waved, and hind-wings strongly dentated ; pale grey dusted 

 with brownish-grey, with a brown central shade, a black dentated transverse line formed of black 



48 



