GeOMETRA PlIORODESMA. 335 



* I. p. Pruinata (Hufn.), Cytisaria (W. V.), {Grass Emerald). — Wings dusted with green and 

 white, the fore-wings with two dark zigzag transverse hnes, and the hind-wings with one ; the 

 subterminal line is suffused, and whitish. Expands about i^ inches. Common in Central and 

 Southern Europe in grassy and bushy places from May to August. The variety Agrestaria 

 (Dup.), from South France, is smaller, with no markings except the white subterminal line. 

 The larva is green, with yellow lines on the back, and a whitish stripe on the sides. It feeds 

 on broom and Genista in May and June. The moth and larva are figured at PI. 47, Fig. 2, a, b. 



2. P. Corouillaria (Hiibn.). — Wings satiny ashy-grey, marked as in Pruinata, but the 

 transverse lines are better marked, blacker, and more dentated, and the under side of the fore- 

 wings is tinged with blackish, with the second line blackish and bordered with white. Size of 

 Pruinata. Inhabits South-Western Europe and Western Asia in June and July. The larva 

 feeds on Cytisus, Ulex, Genista, &c., in April and May. 



3. P. Corsicaria (Herr.-Schaff.). — Ashy-grey, the second line blackish, denticulated, and 

 bordered with whitish outside ; the subterminal fascia whitish ; fore-wings with two dark dentated 

 lines nearer the base, and a blackish central spot. Inhabits Corsica. 



GENUS LXII.— GEOMETRA (LINN.). 



Wings broad and rather delicate, the hind margins slightly waved ; that of the fore-wings 

 long, curved, and oblique, and that of the hind-wings rounded ; the antennae of the male 

 pectinated, and the hind tibi^ with two pairs of spurs. The only European species, 

 * G. Papilionaria, Linn, (the Large Emerald Moth), has bright green wings, with whitish spots 

 before the hind margin, and two more or less dentated transverse lines. Expands from 

 2 to 2\ inches. Widely distributed in Europe and Northern Asia from June to August, but 

 not very abundant. The larva is green, with a yellowish line on the sides, and two humps 

 tipped with red on segments 3, 6, and 9. The head is small, yellow, and partly hidden under 

 the second segment. It feeds on birch, and other trees in autumn and spring, and constructs 

 a loose cocoon. The moth is figured at PI. 47, Pig. 3. 



GENUS LXIII. — PHORODESMA (BOISD.). 



Wings broad, the fore-wings with the hind margin entire, and obliquely curved, and the 

 hind-wings rounded and slightly waved. Colour green ; the antenna; of the male pectinated, 

 and the hind tibiae with two pairs of spurs. The larvse are warty, with ten legs, and live in a 

 case formed of fragments of plants, in which they afterwards undergo their transformations. 



* \. P. Smaragdaria (P"abr.), {Essex Emerald). — -Wings green, fore-wings with the costa 

 and central spot yellowish-white, and two yellowish-white dentated transverse lines ; hind-wings 

 broadly whitish on the costa, and with a fine white line before the hind margin ; fringes con- 

 spicuously white. Expands about i-} inches. Inhabits Southern and Western Europe, and 

 Northern and Western Asia, in July and August ; rare in England, occurring on the coast of 

 Essex. The larva is greyish-brown, with a black line on the back, and black warts. It feeds 

 on yarrow from May to July. The transformations are figured at PL 47, Figs. 4, a — e. 



* 2. P. Pustulata (Hiibn.), Bajidaria (W. V.). — Wings green, with a white spot varied with 

 rusty-brownish at the hinder angles, and the hind-wings bordered with connected whitish semi- 

 circular spots, on which stand brownish spots. Fore-wings with two rather indistinct white lines, 

 and the hind-wings with one. Expands about i^ inches. Inhabits Central and Western Europe 

 in June and July, flying in woods at dusk, about ten feet from tiie ground. The larva is greyish- 



