248 European Butterflies and Moths. 



central shade passes over the central dot on tlic fore-wings, or close behind it, whereas it 

 runs distinctly behind it in Avcrsata. Size of Iiiornata. Inhabits Southern Europe and 

 Western Asia in June and July. The larva is light ochreous, darker on the belly, with a 

 lighter line on the back, and a fine dark cross on the four middle segments. It feeds on low 

 plants till May. 



*52. A. Avcrsata (Linn.). — Wings straw-colour, finely dusted with black, with black central 

 dots, an interrupted marginal line, and the fringes dotted with dusky at the base ; fore- 

 wings with three brown transverse lines, the last strongly interrupted below the costa ; the two 

 outer lines are continued on the hind-wings, and the space between them is filled up with 

 dark grey in the type, but not in the commoner form {Spoliata, Staud.). Expands about i| 

 inches. Common in the greater part of Europe from May to August. The larva is brown, 

 with dark lozenge-shaped spots on the back of the middle segments ; beyond the 9th segment 

 it is light, with a broad dark stripe on the back. It feeds on withered leaves from April 

 to June. The moth is figured at PI. 47, Fig. 8. 



*S3. A. Miiricata (Hufn.), Atiroraria (Borkh.). — Wings golden-yellow, thickly co\-cred \\\\\\ 

 purplish-red, so that only the lower half of the base of the fore-wings, and two round spots 

 on the fore-wings (which are sometimes united), and one on the hind-wings remain pure yellow. 

 There is a blackish line before the hind margin, and the fringes are golden-yellow, and without 

 markings. Expands about two-thirds of an inch. Common in many parts of Europe and 

 Northern Asia from June to August. The larva is cinnamon-red, with dark lozenge-shaped 

 spots on the back, divided by a double line. It feeds on plantain and lettuce in June. 



54. A. Iiiclinala (Led.). — Shape of Ajiroraria, but rather smaller; wings dirty brownish- 

 yellow, with the costa red ; the markings resemble those of Osscata, but are less defined and 

 more suffused ; the marginal area of the fore-wings is darker, and intersected by the light 

 subterminal line. The fore-wings have also two central lines, and a small space at the base 

 darker ; and sometimes a blackish central spot, over which runs the broad brownish central 

 shade ; between this and the second line the colour is paler. The pattern from the central 

 shade to the hind margin is continued on the hind-wings, but is only distinct on the inner 

 margin ; the fringes are unspotted, and the marginal line is but little darker. Inhabits 

 Andalusia and Syria. [A. l\Ianicaria, Herr.-Schiiff., from Andalusia, is smaller than Ochrata, but 

 the ground-colour is the same ; there are no central dots, the second line is further from the 

 hind margin, and the space between this and the subterminal line is reddish-violet ; marginal 

 line sharply defined ; fringes unspotted, but divided by a broad dusky line. A. Fractilineata, 

 Zell., from Sicily, resembles Obsolctaria ; the central dots and those on the fringes are more 

 distinct, the lines straighter, the first interrupted before the costa ; the middle stripe passes 

 over the dot on the fore-wings, and within that on the hind-wings ; the hinder stripe forms a 

 rectangle on the hind-wings, and the subterminal line is more curved, and more distinctly edged 

 with darker on the inside). 



55. A. Transiuutata (Ramb.). — Reddish-ochreous, dusted with brown, very variable, with from 

 two to four broad transverse brown lines on the fore-wings, and from one to three on the 

 hind-wings. The first is curved on the fore-wings, but is sometimes wanting, and is not continued 

 on the hind-wings ; the second is generally present on the fore-wings, and projects two angles 

 outwards above the middle ; it is always present on the hind-wings, where it forms a slight 

 angle in the middle, and is indented below ; it is generally clouded with brown on the inside. 

 The other line or lines on the hind-wings are parallel to this ; the 3rd and 4th lines of the 

 fore-wiup-s are sometimes nearly straight, and sometimes form angular projections inwards, 



