388 European Butterflies and Moths. 



the central area witli brownisli bands on the sides, and bordered on both sides by a light and 

 equally-divided band ; the median nervure and nervules 3 and 4 blackish on the sides of the 

 central area ; hind-wings whitish, with two dark waved lines beyond the middle. Pale and 

 indistinctly-marked specimens belong to the va^riety A titniniiata (Guen.). Expands from i\ to 

 l^ inches. Inhabits Northern and Central Europe from August to April. The larva is grass- 

 green, yellowish in the incisions, with extremely fine whitish longitudinal lines, and often with 

 a reddish line on the back. It feeds on trees in May. The moth and larva are figured at 

 PI. 48, Fig. 13, a, b. (O. Filigramtnaria, Herr.-Schiiff., from the north of England and Scotland, 

 is a species with narrower and more pointed wings, and with rather more distinct markings. It is 

 much smaller than O. Dilutata, expanding from I to li inches, and is found among heath, on 

 which the larva feeds, in August and September.) 



GENUS XVII. — CHEIMATOBIA (STEPH.). 



Allied to Oporobia, but the female has rudimentary wings. The larvae are without protuber- 

 ances, and are marked with pale longitudinal lines. 



*I. C. Brumata (Linn.), {Winter Moth). — Fore-wings of the male reddish-grey, with indistinct 

 dark wavy lines ; hind-wings paler, with an indistinct central stripe passing across the end of 

 the discoidal cell. Expands from i to ij inches. The fore-wings of the female are one-quarter as 

 long as the body, brownish-grey, with two dark transverse stripes. Common on hedges and 

 bushes in Central Europe from October to December. The larva is green, with three white 

 longitudinal lines on each side. It feeds on trees in May, and is often sufficiently abundant 

 to be very injurious in orchards. The sexes are figured at PI. 48, Fig. 14, a, b. 



*2. C. Borcata (Hiibn.). — Very like Brumata, but the fore-wings are pale grey, tinged with 

 brownish-yellow, and the hind-wings are whitish, with the central stripe running beyond the 

 discoidal cell; in the female the fore-wings are a little longer than the thorax, yellowish-grey, 

 with a dark transverse stripe. Common in woods in Central Europe in October and November. 

 The larva may be known from that of Brumata by its black head. It feeds on various 

 trees, especially birch, sallow, and larch, in May and June. {Thysaiwdes Pliryganea, Ramb., 

 described from a single male from Touraine, resembles Chcimatobia Brumata, but the wings, 

 especially the hind-wings, are much narrower, and uniform reddish-brown, paler on the disc 

 and at the base of the hind-wings, with a slight golden reflection ; the body is slender, and 

 the abdomen is yellowish at the tip. E.xpands about i \ inches. Malacodea Regelaria, Tengstr., 

 is another little known genus and species from Lapland, which differs from Chcimatobia by 

 the very large median cell of all the wings; the accessory cell on nervure 1 1 is long, and divided 

 in the middle ; the moth is grey, and resembles Lobophora Carpiiiata, Borkh., but is darker 

 and more slender.) 



GENUS XVIII. — SPARTA (STAUD.). 



Antennne strongly pectinated in the male and simple in the female ; fore-wings triangular 

 and very broad ; hind-wings very narrow, and not much more than half the length of the 

 fore-wings, with no frenulum in either sex, and with a horny semi-circular appendage at the 

 base of the inner margin in the male. The only species, S. Parado.xaria (Stand.), is coppery- 

 green, with the costa of the fore-wings, and the hind-wings, yellowish, and the latter whitish 

 towards the base. Inhabits Greece and Sicily in June and July. 



