400 European Butterflies axd Moths. 



lines on the back, the middle one broadest. It feeds in the buds of Clematis inialba in 

 August. 



*48. E. Satyrata (Iliibn.). — Wings uniform rcddish-grcy, the fore -wings nan'ow, with a 

 small blackish central dot, and the nervures dotted with blackish and white, the double bands 

 and transverse lines rather indistinct ; the last band curved inwards below the costa, and the 

 subterminal line whitish and zigzag ; above the costa it is purer white and rather broader. Expands 

 about three-quarters of an inch. Inhabits Northern and Central Europe from April to July. 

 The larva is apple-green or whitish, with large blood-red spots on the back, which are rounded 

 behind and angular in front ; and there is often a waved blood-red line on the sides also. It 

 feeds on many low plants, such as bedstraw, scabious, gentian, &c., in July and August. {E. 

 Offirmata, Spej'., from Dantzic, is allied to Satyrata ; the body is rather .stout, the antennie 

 are longer, with tufted ciliations, and the under side is differently marked. The larva was found 

 feeding on golden rod in September, and the moth appeared at the end of February.) 



49. E. Vcratraria (Herr.-Schaff.). — Larger than Satyrata (expands i inch or over), the fore- 

 wings much broader, paler, uniform light reddish-grey, with a more distinct black central spot, 

 and the nervures dotted with black and white, the transverse lines and double bands very 

 indistinct, and the subterminal line white and rather broader above the hinder angle ; the hind- 

 wings scarcely paler. Inhabits the Alps in July. The larva feeds in the capsules of Veratrum 

 nigrum in August. {E. Eyncnsata, Grasl., from the Pyrenees, expands nearly \\ inches; it is 

 pale grey, darker on the costa and at the tip, but with no reddish shade ; fore-wings with a large 

 oblong black oblique discoidal spot ; first double line pale ; central area dark, with two pale 

 double waved lines, bordered with small black acute angles ; hind-wings paler in the middle, 

 with many transverse lines marked with small brown acute angles.) 



50. E. Caucliyata (Dup.). — Allied to Satyrata, the wings much paler ; pale yellowish-grey 

 (almost white in the Russian E, Aggregata, Guen., which is probably a variety of this), 

 brownish in the marginal area ; the fore-wings narrower, and only the last double band 

 marked with black dots. Expands about i inch. Local in Central Europe in June. The 

 larva is long and slender, pale green, with a brown head. It feeds on the leaves of the 

 golden rod. 



*5i. E. Pcniotata (Guen.).- — Size of Caucliyata, wings narrower, fore-wings yellowish-grey, 

 with the nervures spotted with dull grey and white ; and with pale, waved, and dentated 

 lines, the marginal area rather darker, and including two pale lines ; a black central mark 

 bordered with paler ; hind-wings with confused markings ; paler below, with a blackish sub- 

 marginal line ; and the abdomen varied with dark grey and whitish. Expands nearly i 

 inch. A very scarce species, inhabiting England and Piedmont in July ; the larva feeds on 

 golden rod. 



52. E. Italicala (Guen.). — Resembles Caucliyata and Pcrnotata ; fore-wings white, lanceo- 

 late, with a black central dot, narrow grey lines, the two outermost parallel, near together, 

 and not dentated ; the hind margin darker, enclosing the denticulated submarginal line. 

 Hind-wings paler ; abdomen pale grey. Described from a single male taken at Domo 

 d'Ossola. 



*53. E. Hchcticaria (Boisd.). — Fore-wings rather broad, the tips pointed ; brownish-grey, 

 with an oval black central dot, and the nervures dotted with black and pale ; the double 

 bands pale grey, and rather indistinct, the last slightly curved below the costa ; and with two 

 or three more dark transverse lines between them ; the subterminal line indistinct ; hind-wings 

 brownish-grey, almost without markings, and the abdomen slightly crested. Expands about 



