EupniiEciA. 401 



three-quarters of an inch. Inhabits Northern and Central Europe in April and May. The 

 variety Arauthata (Frcyor) is of a lighter grey, with better defined markings, and the subterminal 

 line more distinct. The larva is thick, pale green, with a darker line in the back, and paler 

 subdorsal and lateral lines ; head green (purple in Arcciithata). It feeds on juniper in Sep- 

 tember and October. 



54, E. Egciuvia (Herr.-Schafif.), (compare E. Alliaria, Staud., No. Ii). — Fore-wings rather 

 pointed ; reddish-grey or pale brown, with three double transverse lines, and another (incomplete) 

 at the base. The subterminal line white, zigzag, and rather broader towards the inner margin ; 

 hind-wings grey, with the commencement of four or five blackish bands on the inner margin. 

 Expands about two-thirds of an inch. Occurs in the Hartz Mountains and in Hungary. 

 {E. Undata, Freyer, from Carniola, resembles Pitiipincllata and Castigata ; it is grey, 

 with the pale and dark waved bands more distinct, and more zigzag. E. Sckmidii, Dietze, 

 from the Tyrol, resembles Arccuthata in colour and markings, but is smaller and greyer, 

 with the fore- wings much more pointed ; it appears in July, and the larva probably feeds on 

 Tunica saxifraga.) 



55. E. Primiilata (Mill.). — Allied to Helvcticaria, but the fore-wings are more pointed ; 

 dull lead-colour, with only the fine whitish festooned subterminal line distinct ; the elbowed 

 line is strongly angulated, broad, and grey, but suffused and ill-defined on the outside. The 

 central dot is well marked on the fore-wings, but scarcely visible on the hind-wings. Inhabits 

 Celerina in Switzerland in May. The larva is clay-coloured, with brown longitudinal lines, and 

 feeds on the seeds of Primula latifolia in autumn. 



*56. E. Castigata (Hiibn.). — Fore-wings rather slender and pointed; brownish ashy-grey, 

 rather darker before the middle, and in the marginal area, with a small black central dot, and 

 three distinct pale grey double stripes, the two first forming several sharp angles, and the 

 last angulated inwards below the costa ; the subterminal line \\ hitish and slightly zigzag, with 

 more prominent teeth below the costa and below the middle ; hmd-wings gre}', lighter on the 

 costa, with a distinct double band and subterminal line. E.xpands about three-quarters of an 

 inch. Common in Europe and the Altai in May and June. The larva is clay-colouied, with 

 dark or reddish-brown spots on the back, and longitudinal and oblique streaks on the sides. 

 It feeds on the flowers of bedstraw, gentian, and many other low plants. (E. Jasioiieata, 

 Crewe, from North Devon, is paler ashy-grey, with the dark central lunule of the fore-wing 

 round instead of narrowed, and with a conspicuous angulated whitish sub-marginal line. The 

 larva, which feeds in the seed-heads of Jasione moiitana in September, resembles that of 

 E. Campamdata, but is shorter and stouter). 



57. E. Lariciata (Freyer). — Smaller than Castigata, the fore-wings purer slate-colour, 

 with a small black central dot, the double stripes a little lighter than the ground-colour, 

 as in Castigata, but the last is narrower, and narrowly bordered with dusky in front ; the 

 subterminal line is pale grey, slightly zigzag only below the costa and below the middle ; 

 nervules 3 and 4 generally yellowish at their base ; hind-wings smaller, and unicolorous grey, 

 almost without markings. Inhabits Central Europe and Northern and Western Asia in May 

 and June. The larva is green or brown, with a dark stripe on the back, and a white one 

 on the sides. It feeds on larch in August and September. 



* 58. E. Trisignaria (Herr.-Schaff.). — Fore-wings reddish ashy-grey, or dark s!at}--grey, 

 with a large black central spot, and two large dark grey costal spots before and behind it' 

 the first standing nearer to the central spot than the last ; the double stripes and sub- 

 terminal line are very indistinct, and scarcely paler than the ground-colour ; the subterniinal 

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