280 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
in America. (5) The unusual life-history of the species, which 
spends about ten months of the year in the larval and pupab 
stages underground without feeding, lends itself to transmission 
over long distances in the soil attached to the roots of fruit 
trees. The traffic from Europe to America in young nursery 
stock has been, and still is, very large, whereas practically only 
the ripe fruit is carried in the reverse direction, and by the 
time that the fruit is ripe enough for picking, all adults of the 
year have died and the larve are already underground. 
From the above it may be considered as practically certain 
that the species was introduced into California from Europe in 
the larval or pupal stage among the soil attached to the roots: 
of fruit trees. Its spread from there to other parts of the 
United States, and recently into Canada, may have been by 
the same means, or by the rapid transference of adults by rail- 
way trains, etc. It is also possible that a fresh introduction 
from Kurope might have occurred, but this appears to be less 
likely in view of the fact that the species does not appear to 
be anything like so abundant in this continent. 
The distribution of the species as now known includes. 
Bohemia (Uzel), Italy (Buffa), England (R. 8. Bagnall, C. B. W.), 
United States, Canada. In England both Mr. Bagnall and 
myself have found it on laurel flowers (Prunus lawro-cerasus), as 
well as on the flowers of fruit trees at Cambridge and Gibside 
respectively, and Bagnall also obtained the specimens mentioned 
above as on young leaves of horse-chestnut (A’sculus hippo- 
castanum) and Sycamore (Acer platanoides) at various localities. 
in the North of England. 
Uzel records the species on A¥sculus hippocastanum, Acer 
platanoides, Prunus cerasus, Anemone nemorosa, and Populus 
tremula, 
Buffa’s record (‘ Atti del Soc. Tose. di Se. Nat.’ xxiii, 1907, 
p- (in separate) 61) refers to specimens taken in August at: 
Campella, Trentino, at an altitude of about 4000 feet. The date 
is unusual, and the record may possibly be some other species. 
Physothrips latus, Bagnall. 
I obtained four females and one male of this rare species: 
swept from miscellaneous herbage at Oxshott, Surrey, and have 
compared them with the type specimen. ‘The species is larger 
than the measurements given by Bagnall, being quite as large as: 
P. ulmifoliorum (Uzel nec Haliday),* to which it is most closely 
related. It can be easily separated from this species by the 
lighter colour and the presence of the long postocular spines. 
* Physopus ulmifolurum, Uzel, is not the same as Thrips ulmifoliorum, Haliday. 
Mr. Bagnall will probably have written on this subject before this appears. The: 
synonomy is briefly Oxythrips ulmifoliorum (Hal.) = Scirtothrips ulmi Bagne 
(Physopus ulmifoliorum, Uzel nec Haliday) = Physothrips sp.? probably consociata- 
Targ. Tozz. Both species occur in England. 
