6 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
Antenne as in athalia, but with even less white edging at the joints 
above; beneath, the white sometimes runs into the side of the tip. 
As the palpi appear to vary it will be best to give Hormuzaki’s 
own description. He says that they are black from above, with 
occasionally a few red-brown hairs, never with whitish or greyish- 
yellow hairs, though he has two specimens whose palpi, seen 
from above, are reddish. The outer side is occasionally red- 
brown throughout, the terminal joint being generally of this 
colour, or reddish-yellow, but occasionally black, the middle and 
lower joints are, however, generally black towards the base, 
rarely sprinkled with yellow, but the yellow becomes much more 
noticeable on the middle joint, and towards the terminal joint 
merges into red-brown. The hair forms a reddish-yellow or 
black brush towards the end of the middlejoint. The inner side 
of the lower and middle joints is bright yellow but towards the 
terminal joint generally reddish, though sometimes blackish or 
red-brown. 
Much stress is laid by Hormuzaki on the elongated shape of 
the wings and a number of measurements given to show how con- 
stant is this peculiarity in comparison with athalia; this is 
certainly very noticeable in the case of a pair of Bukowina athalia 
kindly sent to me by him with the dictynnoides, but I possess 
athalia from the Rhone Valley and the lower Vaudois Alps with 
wings quite as elongated, especially in the female. The Bukowina 
examples have a remarkably square and ‘‘ cobby’”’ appearance, 
even more so than the mountain specimens from Switzerland. 
I think that if I were exclusively a “‘ study-lepidopterist ’’ without 
any “‘ field’ experience (such people really do still exist, and even 
propound theories in more than one HKuropean language), I 
should be inclined on the mere face of things to regard dictynnoides 
as a very dark form of athalia, but the field knowledge which 
Hormuzaki brings to bear on the subject puts this theory out of* 
the question ; for he telis us that these are the only two Meliteas 
of this group that are common in Bukowina and the neighbouring 
districts ; that dictynnoides, the commoner of the two, is found 
in some places where athalia is not; that in others athalia only 
is found; but that in many places both occur together. More- 
over, dictynnoides flies from the beginning of June, or sometimes 
the end of May, and never later than mid-July, whereas athalia 
appears about June 80th and continues till near the end of July. 
With aurelia, with which itis generally placed, it has nothing 
whatever in common, and even if it had, the case of those who 
hold this theory would be put out of court by the fact that typical 
aurelia, differing very little from the Valais form, is also taken 
at Czernowitz, where it comes out from three weeks to a month 
later than dictynnotdes ; it is, however, scarce, and this is its only 
known locality in Bukowina. The upper side is certainly near 
dictynna, but the under side separates it entirely from that species ; 
