DISTRIBUTION OF PAPILIONIDH IN THE HIMALAYAS. 195 
date and put into a box without food ate a great part of the male, 
but whether the latter had died first I cannot say. 
Mr. M. Burr tells me that he took the far from common 
species, Xiphidiwm dorsale, in a swamp near Hastry, Kent, on 
July 26th. A female Locusta viridisstma was taken on the cliff- 
side near Swanage on August 17th. Mr. H. Campion tried very 
hard to find the scarce Platycleis roesellit at Herne Bay, but war 
not successful. 
Acripians (short-horned grasshoppers).—On September 13th 
I paid a visit to Bookham Common in search of Gomphocerus 
rufus, this being the only locality for it with which I am per- 
sonally acquainted. A few of both sexes were obtained in one 
spot, but not without a considerable amount of search. 
G. maculatus, one of the earliest grasshoppers to become 
mature, I captured first at the Devil’s Punch Bowl, Hindhead, 
Surrey, on June 24th. Mr. Tomlin took it at Tubney, Berks, 
on July 5th. 
Stenobothrus bicolor was obtained at Sharnbrook, Bedford- 
shire, on July 11th; on a cliff-side near Swanage on August 
17th; on Shotover Hill, near Oxford, on September 9th; in 
Middlesex, near the Thames side opposite Surbiton, on September 
14th ; and latest on Esher Common, Surrey, on October 11th. 
Mr. Tomlin took it in August at West Malvern, in Herefordshire. 
S. parallelus occurred on a cliff-side near Swanage on August 
17th; Mr. Tomlin took it at West Malvern in August. It was 
found on Shotover Hill on September 9th, and a single female 
was met with as late as October 31st in the New Forest. 
A mature male Mecostethus grossus was taken in the New 
Forest on August 1st, but I do not think I noticed a female till 
August 21st. 
One specimen of the scarce Tettix subulatus was secured on 
August 12th by the side of a pond near Holmsley, in the New 
Forest. The common species, 7’. bipunctatus, Mr. Tomlin took 
at West Malvern in August, and I took one in the New Forest 
on November 1st, this being my last grasshopper captured during 
the season of 1908. 
ON THE PERPENDICULAR DISTRIBUTION OF THE 
PAPILIONIDH IN THE HIMALAYAS. 
By W. Harcourt- Bata. 
WuHeEn in the spring of 1897 I availed myself of the oppor- 
tunity of visiting the South-eastern Himalayas in pursuit of 
insects of various orders, I found the Papilionide so much in 
evidence, both as regards the number of species and individuals, 
that I decided to specialise upon this magnificent family of Lepi- 
doptera, and the study of their vertical or perpendicular distri- 
R 2 
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