238 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
by a long stretch of sandhills. Inland the country consists of the 
river valley—a rush-covered plain divided roughly into fields by 
ditches thick with reeds—and of well-wooded hills. Between these 
hills and the marshes lies the rock on which the town stands. Thus 
there is in its immediate neighbourhood a great variety of country, 
each district rich in the species peculiar to it. In addition, the town, 
which is very brightly lighted, serves as a beacon both to the moths 
which haunt the lowlands and to those bred on the wooded slopes. 
August does not usually appear to be a profitable month for entomo- 
logy. Large numbers of common insects are about, but the choicer 
species have mostly disappeared. During my previous visits, apart 
from some sugaring on the coast, where in 1906 Laphygma exigua 
was common, and where I took Leucania littoralis in addition to 
Agrotis valligera, A. tritict, Hadena chenopodii, C. cytherea, A. citraria, 
and many others, and from light work among the reeds, I did very 
little. During the present year, however, things have been very 
much busier. Although I was only there from Aug. Ist to 16th, and 
could not devote much time to entomology, my list of captures con- 
tains many insects which were wholly unexpected. Probably the 
cold weather of June and July caused many species to postpone their 
emergence until late. The exceptional heat of early August must 
account for the heavy “rise” of moths which took place then. It 
seems most unlikely that the season has favoured the production of 
second broods; although there has been an abundance of green food, 
this would be more than counteracted by the low temperature of June 
and July. Delay in leaving the pupal stage seems to be the probable 
cause of the appearance of certain species in my list. 
During the first part of my visit I spent most of my energies on 
the marshy salterns below the town. Here I found a place, over- 
grown with yellow Galium, in which Mesotype virgata, Cledeobia 
angustalis, and a few other species were swarming. Of the former 
the males were most numerous and in best condition on Aug. 3rd, 
while on Aug. 5th females were everywhere, and scarcely a male 
could be taken. On several nights I worked the reedy ditches and 
small reed-beds which are found all over the salterns, and the results, 
if not very striking, were at least not disappointing. The following 
species were taken:—Nudaria senex (common on Aug. 3rd; one on 
Aug. 9th), Odonestes potatoria, Leucania straminea (a few each night; 
it was not always easy for me to distinguish this species from L. 
impura, which was common, but the under side of stramznea is a good 
guide when the insect is boxed), Senta ulve (one, very worn, on 
Aug. 3rd), Luperina testacea, Miana furuncula, Noctua wmbrosa, N. 
rubt, Acidalia emutarva (not uncommon), Schenobius gigantellus, 
Chilo phragnutellus, and S. forficellus. Though I did not myself 
take S. chrysorrhwa, a nice specimen was given to me which had 
been taken on Aug. 13th by Mr. J. S. Carter at Lydd. It was at light 
that the best results were obtained. Large numbers of insects came 
regularly into the house, and the few nights on which I searched the 
town lamps were richly productive. I will give the complete list of 
captures, adding particulars where such appear interesting :—Sarvro- 
thripa revayana, Hylophila bicolorana (one on Aug. 13th, not a 
perfect specimen), Lithosia lurideola, L. griseola, Arctia cara, Cilix 
