NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. SA; 
All things considered, the reference to Andrena seems reasonably 
assured, 
Hab.—Miocene rocks at (fningen (t.e. Wangen), Baden. 
Apis mellifera (L.). 
In the Museum of Cambridge University is a piece of amber 
from the coast off Yarmouth, containing two specimens of 
genuine Apis mellifera, side by side. As preserved, the eyes and 
ocelli are a fine crimson, evidently from the eye-pigment, and 
the face and front are a deep metallic reddish, perhaps from 
a suffusion of the same substance. The basal nervure can be 
seen falling far short of the transverso-medial, and the other 
characters of the venation, legs, &c., agree with the honey-bee. 
The amber, as the museum records show, was purchased in the 
rough by Benjamin Burwood from fishermen in or near Great 
Yarmouth. The bees, and other amber insects from the same 
source, were crudely figured by A. §. Foord in Trans. Norf. and 
Norw. Nat. Soe. vol. v. pt. 1 (1890). The other specimens, also 
now in the Cambridge Museum, include Coleoptera and Diptera, 
and a cockroach labelled Blatta orientalis, but evidently not that 
species, and apparently not identical with any living British 
form. It is well preserved, and should be studied by a specialist 
in these insects. 
Conwentz has given a full discussion of English amber in 
‘Natural Science,’ 1896. Its age has not been precisely ascer- 
tained, but if the specimen containing honey-bees is authentic, 
it must be Pliocene at the oldest, and cannot possibly have any- 
thing to do with the true Baltic amber of Oligocene age. Con- 
wentz remarks, however, that much of the succinite in shops at 
Cromer is imported from abroad in order to satisfy the demand 
of visitors to the seaside, and from the appearance of the piece 
containing Apis, I cannot help suspecting that it is really copal, 
and not of English origin at all. Some of the pieces containing 
beetles seem to be genuine, however, and these should be eriti- 
cally examined. 
University of Colorado, Boulder : 
September 14th, 1909. 
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 
PuPATION OF XANTHORHOE (MELANIPPE) FLUCTUATA.—It has 
been stated that the larva of X. /luctuata having made its frail, under- 
ground cocoon, postpones the pupal change for a rather long time, 
perhaps even the entire winter. Some larve of this species that I 
reared last September—October, in a glass tumbler with a little earth 
at the bottom, formed their cocoons in the soil but against the glass. 
This method of construction enabled me to see the larva in its cell, 
