TRIFID.i^. 317 



grown rolling or folding a leaf together and forming a silk- 

 lined habitation therein. Hatched in March or April, the 

 winter being passed in the q^^ state. 



Pupa bright chestnut-colour. Not more fully described. 

 Spun up among dead leaves on the ground. 



The moth hides during the day among leaves, either dead 

 leaves on the ground or in thick masses of foliage, and is 

 sometimes beaten out into the umbrella or folding net when 

 working for larvae of other species. At dusk it flies and is 

 rather easily seen ; it also is strongly attracted by sugar, 

 honey-dew, rush-bloom, flowers of red valerian and other 

 sweets, and in a less degree by light. It more especially 

 frequents damp woods and in them is usually common 

 throughout the Southern, Eastern, South Midland, and 

 Western districts of England, though in Cornwall it appears 

 to be rare. In the North Midlands it is more local and 

 sometimes scarce, but when common here, and in all the 

 more northern districts to Westmoreland and Cumberland, 

 the darker forms seem to accompany the paler, or even to 

 supplant them. 



In Scotland it is also local, yet occurs apparently in 

 most districts to the Hebrides, Orkney and even Shetland 

 Isles, but is not everywhere accompanied by the blackened 

 forms. In Ireland it is said to be extremely local, but is 

 recorded from Kerry, Galway, Sligo, and Antrim. 



Abroad it ranges through the greater part of Central and 

 Northern Europe, Northern Italy, Southern Russia, and the 

 mountainous districts of Central Asia. 



Genus 27. CHARIPTERA. 



Ai3tennge ciliated ; eyes naked, with large front and back 

 lashes ; thorax very square, with raised patagia, and crested 

 at the top and back ; abdomen stout, with one to three small 



