7)12 LEPIDOPTERA. 



5. X. hepatica. Hvh. — Expanse If inch. Fore wings 

 broad, pale or dark purple-brown, with a black basal streak, 

 a large chocolate blotch in the middle of the costa, and 

 smaller ones at the base and hind margin ; hind wings dark 

 smoky-brown. 



Antennse of the male simple, ver}^ faintly ciliated, red- 

 brown ; palpi rather short but broadly tufted, pale brown 

 with the sides dark chocolate, terminal joint minute ; collar 

 pale brown toward its base, with a long curved black bar 

 across its middle, and above this a broad bar of purple-brown 

 edged with pale brown ; shoulder-lappets purple-brown ; 

 remainder of thorax lighter brown, the rather short top and 

 back crests chocolate tipped with pale brown ; fascicles 

 brownish- white ; abdomen light brown, much covered with 

 long pale hair-scales having darker tips ; a dorsal crest on 

 each segment except the anal, all dark chocolate and the 

 third and fourth the most conspicuous ; lateral and anal 

 tufts spreading, pale purplish-brown. Fore wings rather 

 blunt ; costa gently curved ; apex suddenly rounded, almost 

 angulated ; hind margin rounded and crenulated but slightly 

 hollowed just above the anal angle ; dorsal margin nearly 

 straight ; colour pale brown more or less shaded and clouded 

 with chocolate-brown or purple-brown ; at the base is a short 

 black horizontal streak, and below it, near the dorsal margin, 

 another, both edged with chocolate ; basal line double but 

 scarcely noticeable, purple-brown, but limited to two pairs of 

 small curves near the costa ; first line incomplete, black, 

 preceded by an obscure, rather distant duplicate, but only 

 forming three curved streaks ; second line more obscure, 

 hardly perceptible, but when present composed of a series of 

 flat curves or streaks of cloudy black between the nervures, 

 and throwing o£E upon them, at some distance, a row of black 

 dots often placed on pale streaks ; subterminal line merely 

 the pale margin of a series of purplish-brown clouds pointing 

 inward ; it is waved and indented, but less so than is usually 

 the case and forms a very flat W close to the anal angle, but 



