94 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



In the Pfin forest, July, 1900, butterflies at times were ob- 

 served in great abundance. In the shady parts a fine brood of 

 Erehia ligea was emerging, and Lyaena avion var. obscura was 

 the same and in like condition (one of these has all the wings 

 completely shaded). These two species were very plentiful, and 

 so was Argijnnis latonia, of which four or five more than once 

 were noted within as many yards. Limenitis Camilla here was 

 fairly common, the difficulty being the scarcity of perfect speci- 

 mens, many being chipped, although all were fresh. L. sibylla 

 apparently does not occur in the forest. 



In the smaller fields, especially where overrun with tall 

 rank weeds, &c., Pajnlio machaon frequently occurred, and the 

 larger fritillaries also frequented these hot sheltered spots, along 

 with Aporia cratcegi, Gonepteryx rliamni, Colias hyale, and an 

 occasional C. edusa, &c. 



LejHidia sijiapis and its var. erysimi also occurred commonly, 

 and in the larger open fields Lyccena corydon was about in 

 abundance, and at times MeliUsa athalia arose in numbers at 

 every step. M. phcehe was also taken, and Satyrus hcrmione, 

 very small, probably some referable to S. alcyone ; and, in 

 addition to these, S. actaa v. cordula, Epinephele lycaon, and 

 many others. 



On the Simplon route, in the same year, the principal fea- 

 ture was the abundance of the Lycsenidfe, not only as regards 

 numbers, but as species and varieties, as Lyccena cegon, L. argus, 

 L. astrarche, L. eros, L. icarus, L. eumedon, L. hellargus, L. 

 corydon, L. hylas, L. damon, L. minimus, L. semiargtis, L. avion, 

 and seven other blues, which will be taken up in the list to 

 follow. 



Evehia euryale was also a conspicuous insect on account of 

 its abundance, from above Brieg to well up the Simplon road 

 above Berisal it was to be noted, as is its habit, congregated in 

 little groups on the road. Papilio machaon was common on a 

 steep embankment at a bend in the road above Berisal, and 

 Parnassius apollo in the neighbourhood of Berisal. Pievis calli- 

 dice, P. napi var. hvyonice, and Colias phicomone were taken at and 

 near the top of the Simplon, and Goenonympha arcania var. 

 davwiniana on the Italian side. 



Near Brieg Golias edusa was a passing and generally rapidly 

 disappearing visitor, and below Berisal G. hyale, Goneptevyx 

 rhamni, Melitcea phosbe (very common and varied), M. didyma, 

 M. athalia; the larger fritillaries, Argynnis aglaia, A. adippe, 

 and A. niohe (mostly var. evis), also A. euphrosyne and A. pales. 

 Chvysophanus virgauvece, G. hippothoe, G. alciphvon var. govdins, 

 near Berisal; and among the skippers, which were very common, 

 Gavcharodiis {Syviclitlius) lavatevce was frequently taken. Melitcea 

 dictynna also occurred above Berisal, and, higher up, Erebia 

 tyndarus and E. melampus. 



