classification of gracilaria and allied genera. 168 



Eebel (Staudinger), 1901. 



Gracilariid^. 



Gracilariinae — Gracilaria . 



Corisciiim. 



Ornix. 

 Lithocolletinae — Bedellia. 



Lithocolletis. 

 Palumbinse — Tischeria. 



Lyonetiid^. 

 hyoneiimse— Lyonetia. 



Phyllohrostis. 

 Phyllocnistinse — Phyllocnistis. 

 Cemiostoma. 

 Bucculatrix. 

 Opogona. 

 Opostega. 



Of the various other genera associated with the Gracilariads 

 and Lyonetiads in the several systems we have been considering, 

 I may say that my knowledge of the early stages does not enable 

 me to place Oinophila, Opostega, Ocnerostoma, Palumbina, or 

 Opogona ; but except Palumbina, if there be such a thing, I doubt 

 whether any of them are Gracilariads. 



Tischeria and Bucculatrix, about which I do know something, 

 happen also to be those that have been most persistently placed 

 here. Most certainly neither of them are either Gracilariads or 

 Lyonetiads. 



Spuler has so far recognized this, as regards Tischeria, a.8 to 

 take it right away, and place it in the Tinese Aculeatae, where 

 also it is certainly out of place. 



The pupa of Tischeria has only two fixed segments, though 

 the third begins to lose freedom at the abdominal base, and is 

 therefore at a much earlier stage of evolution than our Graci- 

 lariads, nor is the larva specialized like them. It is not an 

 Aculeate, as it has no piercing ovipositor, nor has it spiculated 

 wing-membrane. So far as my knowledge goes, I incline to 

 place it alone in a family by itself. 



Bucculatrix also wants the peculiar juvenile larval trophi, and 

 the pupa is only a little in advance of that of Tischeria. It has 

 the two basal segments fixed, and the third is all but fixed. 



I should classify these genera as follows : — 



GEACILARIAN COHORT. 



I. GRAciLARiADiE. — Larva with " Gracilarian " trophi in first 

 two or more stages. Pupa Incompleta 1 to 4 abdo- 

 minal fixed. 



