TORTRICES TAKEN IN SOUTH ESSEX. 169 



flower, but I am inclined to think that the larva had merely gone 

 there to pupate. 



S. ictericana, Haw. — Very common throughout, often a nuisance 

 when collecting at dusk. The larva is polyphagous. Lychnis, Senccio 

 (three species), and Aster tripolium may be mentioned as common 

 food-plants. 



Capua favillaceana, Hb. — A true wood insect, common in many 

 places ; Epping Forest, Brentwood and Warley, Ingatestoue, Upmin- 

 ster, &c. I have never met with the larva, but should imagine oak or 

 hornbeam to be likely foods. 



Bactra lanceolana, Hb. — Common in boggy places throughout, and 

 in great variety. The larva may be found well on in May, feeding 

 and afterwards pupating in the stems of Juncus conglomcratus. 



B.furfurana, Haw. — Excessively local. I have only met with it 

 in the marshes bordering the Eiver Lea near Lea Bridge. Early in 

 June it may be disturbed from its food-plant, Eleocharis palustris, in 

 the stems of which it feeds and pupates. Its habits in all stages are 

 exactly similar to lanceolana. I bred this species — for the first time 

 in England, I believe — in 1894. 



Phoxopteryx sicnlana, Hb. — Eare and local. One or two worn 

 specimens beaten from Rhammis near Brentwood. Mr. Harwood 

 takes it more freely near Colchester, I believe. 



P. tmcana. — Pretty generally amongst ling and birch shrubs. 

 Loughton, Epping, Warley, and several other heathy places. 



P. myrtillana, — Hardly an insect one would expect to find in 

 South Essex. Nevertheless I took a fine male at Temple Mills, near 

 Stratford, near the railway sidings (June 22nd, 1890). I fancy it 

 must have been conveyed from Yorkshire by one of the numerous 

 goods-trains which run between Doncaster and London on the Great 

 Eastern Railway. 



P. Imulana, Fb. — Not very common, but widely distributed. Double 

 brooded. I have taken it near Stanford, Harold Wood railway bank, 

 Loughton (rarely), Upminster, &c. 



P. mitterpacheriana, Schiff. — Common generally amongst oak and 

 beech, in the folded leaves of which trees the larva feeds in the 

 autumn, pupating therein in the spring. A very beautiful species 

 when fresh from the pupa. 



P. upupana, H. S. — Scarce and local. Near Loughton, Warley, 

 and near lugatestone, always among birch shrubs, the food-plant of 

 the larva. 



P. lactana, Fb. — Another local species. I have found it not rarely 

 in woods near Warley and Childerditch, also in Ongar Park Woods 

 among aspens. 



Grapholitha paykulliana, D. L. — Common amongst birch, the larva 

 feeding in the catkins in the spring. 



G. nisella, Clerck. — Fairly common, and very variable ; on aspen 

 trunks only (I have never found it on sallow). The named vars. all 

 occur. Wanstead, near Loughton, Ongar, &c. 



(To be continued.) 



ENTOM. — JUNE, 1902. 



