CAPTURES AND FIELD REPORTS. 245 



The Butterflies of the Witherslack District. — In one of the 

 Lancaster local papers there appeared recently a short article stating 

 that nearly all the British butterflies occurred at or in the vicinity of 

 Witherslack, Westmoreland. A list of the different species which do 

 occur in that district will no doubt be interesting, and serve as a guide 

 for intending entomological visitors. No less than thirty-nine species 

 occur or have been taken in the neighbourhood, out of a grand total 

 of seventy-two. This is undoubtedly a fine list for one locality, 

 especially when we consider that, of the remaining thirty-three species, 

 fourteen are either very rare or only occasional visitors to our shores — 

 e. g. A. cratiBiji, P. daplidice, C. hyale, A. latona, A. niohe, A. dia, 

 M. didyma, V. (mtiopa, V. virginiensis, D. enp'jms, 8. liyea, P. virgaurecR, 

 L. bcetica, and L. acis, while one, C. dispar, is practically extinct, and 

 eight are local, — P. iiiachaon, M. einxia, A. iris, L. priini, L. avion, 

 H. lineola, H. actceon, and C. paliBmon. 



The following is a complete list of the Rhopalocera of Witherslack 

 and district : — 



Pieris brassiccB, P. rapa, and P. napi. Common everywhere. 



Euchlo'e cardamines. Common, end of May, in the lanes, Grange, 

 Methop, Witherslack, &c. 



Leucophasia sinapis. Common, near Witherslack and at Methop ; 

 only one brood, end of May. 



Colias ednsa. Common at intervals, in " edusa years." 



Gonepteryx rhumni. Common in lanes about Witherslack. 



Aryynnis selene. This species was formerly common on a piece of 

 waste swampy ground near Witherslack, but cultivation and drainage 

 are gradually stamping it out. 



A. euphrosyne. Common, beginning of June. 



A. aylaia. Not common, occurs about Witherslack sparingly ; at 

 Warton Crag it is fairly common, also on Arnside Knofct. 



A. adippe. Common during July and beginning of August. 



A. paphia. Rare; I took one specimen near Witherslack last 

 year — a record. This was no doubt introduced with farm produce. 



Vanessa polychloros. Rare ; one specimen taken by myself last year. 

 The same remark applies to this as to ^. paphia, vide supra. 



V. urtictB. Common everywhere. 



V. io. Abundant. This is the commonest butterfly about in August. 



V. atalanta. Fairly common. 



V. cardiii. Not quite so plentiful as F. atalanta. 



Erehia epiphrun. Common on the Langdale Pikes, Helvellyn, &c. 



E. athiops. Common, beginning of August. 



Pararge meycBva. Common, May, June, July, and August, sunning 

 itself on the walls. 



Satyrm semele. Common, end of July and beginning of August, 

 on rocky ground. 



Epiiiephele ianira. No remarks needed. 



E. tithonus. Odd specimens have been taken, but this species is 

 rare ; the nearest locality is near Heysham, on the Overton Road ; 

 end of July and beginning of August. 



E. hyperanthm. Was formerly common in Maud's Wood, near 

 Grange, but a hydro now stands there, and the grounds are enclosed 

 and private. It has been taken near Kendal, but is evidently scarce. 



