34 THE MOTHS OF THE BRITISH ISLES. 



August J 8, 1907, he found three larvit feeding on teasel at 

 Ashtead. 



The caterpillar will burrow some depth underground before 

 constructing its pupal chamber. The chrysalis, which is reddish, 

 or blackish-brown in colour, is figured with the other stages on 

 Plate 13. 



The moth usually emerges the following June or July, but 

 there are at least two records of its remaining in the chrysalis 

 during two winters. 



The southern portion of England appears to be the principal 

 British home of this moth. It is more or less scarce in the 

 midlands and northwards. In Scotland it has only been re- 

 corded from southern counties, and in his " Catalogue of the 

 Lepidoptera of Ireland," Kane states that he has no certain 

 record of its occurrence in thiit country. Widely distributed 

 through central and southern Europe, extending northwards to 

 south Sweden and Finland, and eastwards to Amurland, China, 

 and Japan. 



The Pine Hawk {Hylokus pinasiri), 



Stephens, writing of this species in 1828, remarked that about 

 thirty years before that date, a specimen "was taken in June at 

 Colney Hatch Wood, and a second in the neighbourhood of 

 Esher." He also gives Rivelston Wood, near Edinburgh, as a 

 locality, on the authority of Dr. Leach. A specimen was stated 

 to have been seen in Cumberland in 1827 or 1828, and up to 

 the year 1877 four other examples were reported, each from 

 a different part of England. In the year last mentioned a 

 specimen was recorded from Woodbridge, Suffolk, as taken in 

 a rectory garden the previous midsummer (since ascertained 

 that the moth was first seen there in 1875) ; an example was 

 also found at rest on a tree trunk at Tuddenham, near Ipswich, 

 in July, 1877, and one was reared on August 5, 1876, from a 



