LIFE-HISTORY OF PIERIS DAPLIDICE. 195 



side. The larger wart-like tubercles are very conspicuous, black 

 and shining. All the spines (bristles) are in this stage simple 

 and finely pointed, and many of the smaller ones are whitish. 

 The longest are slightly curved, and have the apical half white. 

 The head is coloured like the body, the yellow spiracular stripe 

 extending over the face. 



A few succeeded in moulting the fourth time during the last 

 days of October, and one moulted on November 3rd, but on that 

 day a dense fog set in, and lasted until the evening of the 8th. 

 This, accompanied by frost at night, proved fatal to all the 

 larvae. They were in various stages, many were quite small. 



After fourth and last moult (fully grown) it measures 1 in. in 

 length. The body is cylindrical, tapering at the ends ; the seg- 

 ments are subdivided by six transverse wrinkles, which number 

 only two in the first stage. The ground colour is a clear lilac ; a 

 very fine and faint medio-dorsal line, and four rich yellow longi- 

 tudinal bands, two on each side ; the first is subdorsal and widest, 

 broken up on the fourth wrinkle with pale grey ; the second band 

 is spiracular, and extends over the side of the head ; it is also 

 broken up into a series of markings by the central third portion 

 on each segment being of a pale greenish grey, which encloses 

 the very pale inconspicuous spiracle. At the base of each clasper 

 and leg is an ochreous-yellow blotch, forming a disjointed third 

 band. The whole surface is densely sprinkled with black shining 

 warts, varying greatly in size, each bearing a fine simple spine, 

 the majority being shining black ; those on the ventral surface 

 are whitish, the head of similar colouring as the body, and like- 

 wise covered with warts and spines. The legs are mottled black 

 and whitish ; the lilac ground colour of the body is mottled with 

 dusky spots, on which are placed the smallest black warts. 

 Excepting the first stage, the larva is similar in pattern through- 

 out. 



The above description of the full-grown larva is from a speci- 

 men found by Mr. Raine at Hyeres feeding on wild mignonette 

 {Reseda lutea), who very kindly sent it direct to me. It arrived 

 on November 16th, and, after feeding on that and the following 

 day, it spun up for pupation on the 18th, and pupated on the 

 20th November. 



Mr. Eaine also found a pupa at the same time, which he also 

 sent me, and from which the following description is made : — 

 The pupa measures f in. long. In shape it exactly resembles 

 P. napi, having a pointed beak, a strongly angulated thoracic 

 dorsal keel, subdorsal abdominal angular projections, and a basal 

 wing-point. The colour is a very pale lilac-grey, with creamy 

 buff subdorsal and spiracular stripes corresponding with those of 

 the larva ; a medio-dorsal whitish line dotted with black at the 

 segmental divisions along the abdomen. The entire surface is 

 sprinkled with minute black dots, black markings on the keel, 



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