88 • THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



northern recorded locality I know of is that of Aberdeen, by Dr. 

 Traill, in the ' Scottish Naturalist.' There is an interesting 

 account of tlie different aspects of, and life in, these galls, by 

 the late Mr. F. Walker, in the 'Entomologist' (vi. 504), and 

 the following unpublished note relating to parasitism is from 

 the same pen: — "About 600 females, but not one male, 

 appeared in March, 1874, from galls which I had collected 

 in the preceding winter; they were followed in April by 

 about sixty of Synergus Tscheki, so that the latter was to the 

 former in the proportion of about one to ten ; then came a 

 few examples of a Eurytoma and a Callimonie, whose specific 

 names may be deferred." Tscheki is the only Synergus 

 mentioned by Mayr as in any way related to these galls ; he 

 says: — "In a hot room I obtained a specimen as early as 

 the 28th of December, and two specimens of the gall-maker 

 on the 4th of January." 1 have bred it as late as June 28th. 

 The Eurytoma has elsewhere been given the specific name 

 signata, but that is a name which I am afraid "shall seem 

 to signify." Of the Torymicla Dr. Mayr, in his Essay, gives 

 three species bred from these galls, two of which are new 

 species described by him, both peculiar to the spangle galls, 

 both received from Schlecbtendal, and both bred in the 

 spring of the succeeding }'ear; their names are C. hibernaus 

 and C. sodalis. Hibernans, which differs from sodalis in 

 having a rather shorter ovipositor, was also bred by himself; 

 both species are closely allied to the common C. auratus, 

 Fonsc, which may be bred from these galls, according to 

 Taschenberg. It is difficult to say which species Walker's 

 specimens may be referred to; however, in the ' Cistula 

 Eutomologica,' where Walker gives a resume of Mayr's 

 monograph, he says — " I have reared Syntoinaspis fastuosus 

 (Boh.) from these spangles." Mayr himself received seven 

 Saxony bred females of S. caudata, Nees, from Von 

 Schlecbtendal, but as Walker had just studied the monograph 

 before giving the above information it is only fair to suppose 

 that both species have a penchant for Lenticularis larvte. 

 Speaking of Enledonjlatoniaculntus, Ratzeburg says, "Plerr 

 Tischbein obtained it from Cynips Malpighii,''^ bnt 1 think it 

 is probable that it was parasitic on some leaf-miner, either 

 Orchesles or Lithocolletis, being a known inhabitant of the 

 mines of both the Coleopterous and Le])idoptcrous genera. 



I 



