154 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



ON THE SPIDERS OF SCOTLAND; WITH A LIST 

 OF SPECIES. 



By the Rev. O. Pickard-Cambridge, M.A., C.M.Z.S. 



Previous to the year 1858 no collector appears to have 

 paid any attention to the Araneidea of Scotland. In that 

 year Mr. James Hardy (then of Penmanshiel, now of 

 Old Carabus, by Cockburnspath, Berwickshire) published the 

 results of occasional attention paid to this order, while 

 collectinfi; other objects of Natural History. The spiders 

 collected then by Mr. Hardy were all determined, and one 

 species which appeared to be new to science ( Walckenaera 

 Hardii) was described, by Mr, John Blackwall (Ann. and 

 Mag. N. H., 2nd ser., vi., p. 340) ; while, in the ' Proceedings 

 of the Berwickshire Natural History Field Club,' vol. iv., 

 pp. 92—96, 1858, Mr. Hardy, under the title of "List of 

 Berwickshire Spiders," gave a complete list of all his 

 captures up to that time, amounting to seventy species, 

 distributed among twenty-two genera. Three years after 

 this,* a few weeks tour in Scotland (in June and July, 1861) 

 enabled me, in spite of a great deal of wretched weather, to 

 collect examples of eighty-three species, belonging to twenty- 

 one genera. Thirty-seven of these species were additions to 

 those enumerated in Mr. Hardy's list, thus bringing up the 

 number of Scotch spiders to one hundred and seven. Five 

 years after this (in 1866) I received several small collections 

 of spiders from Mr. Morris Young, of Paisley, by whom they 

 were found in that neighbourhood: of these only those either 

 new to science, or else previously unknown as British, have, up 

 to this time, been recorded. From 1866 to 1871 no one seems 

 to have paid any further attention to spiders in Scotland ; 

 but from the latter date up to the end of 1874 repeated and 

 extensive collections were most kindly forwarded to me from 

 Berwickshire and the Border-land by Mr. Hardy. The 

 results of my examination of these collections were published 

 in the 'Proceedings of the Berwickshire Natural History 

 Field Club,' vol. vii., pp. 307—323, 1875; the greater part of 

 the new species added to the British list having been previously 



* See " Sketch of an Arachnological Tour in Scotland in 1861 ; with a 

 List of Scotch Spiders." By the Rev. (). P. Cambridge. ' Zoologist,' 1B62, 

 pp. 8041—8051. 



