l8(j THE ENTOMOLOGIsr. 



luimber find room for development. In this respect the 

 difference between bnrrowings of some of the species of 

 Uylesiiii and the ehn Scolyti is very marked, the larval 

 channels of the Scolyti frequently feathering in contorted 

 waves and in every direction after their first start from the 

 mother gallery, reaching a length at times (as in the specimen 

 before me) of as much as five inches, the mother gallery 

 being, 1 believe, always commenced at one extremity, and 

 uniform in its course throughout. 



In soft or decayed bark, the larval galleries of the Scolyti 

 cross each other not unfrequently. In the H. fraxini the 

 mother gallery, bifurcated from the more or less centrally 

 placed passage of entrance (which may be found some- 

 times pointing along, as well as across the timber on which 

 it is placed), has the larval branches placed on each side 

 with the utmost regularity in all the specimens I have seen, 

 for the most part pointing straight fioni the original gallery, 

 neither crossing nor blending with one another, and rarely 

 exceeding in the case of borings in the fresh wood (which 

 are the only ones 1 have had the opportunity of examining 

 thoroughly) about an inch in length. This regularity of 

 position is still more striking in the borings of H. vittatns, 

 where the larval channels may be found placed longitudinally 

 with almost mathematical precision, and is shortly noticed 

 by Kaltenbach in his ' Pflanzenfeinde,' p. 535. 



Where the larvae of the H. fraxini start side by side 

 thirteen may be counted to the half inch, whilst of those who 

 survive to the journey's end only seven can find necessary 

 room. Occasionally some unexplained disaster occurs to a 

 whole line of eggs or brood in its very first stage, for the 

 shiny specks may be found each in its own packing along 

 the side of the gallery, but without the external gummy 

 skin which forms the usual protection oi the egg chamber, 

 projecting slightly like minute studs along each side of the 

 tunnels formed by the parent beetles. The egg appears 

 never to be deposited by the side of the entrance passage, 

 and rarely just above the fork, the space afforded being 

 usually occupied by larval passages parallel to the first, and 

 pupal chambers running close up to the second, as shown in 

 the sketch. 



How far the nutriment of the grub, or its power of 



