•248 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



moistening it so plentifully as to show wet patches on the in- 

 side from time to time as the vvoik proceeded. When complete 

 the case was smooth inside, with a lining of whitish or 

 yellowish gummy material, and externally the slightly rough 

 earthy surface sometimes showed faint concentric rings from 

 the regularity with which the grub had built the structure 

 onward, and a depression at one extremity from the closing 

 aperture preventing the tenant reaching out for further 

 supplies of material. The time occupied from the disappear- 

 ance of the larva to the appearance of the developed beetle 

 was, both in turnip and cabbage, not exceeding two months, 

 never less than about fifty-four days in any of the observa- 

 tions, which were taken about the beginning of summer. 



In the case of the cabbage the large abnormal gall growths 

 in themselves do injury by drawing off the plant-juices from 

 their proper objects, and in their great aggregations where 

 they may be found either forming the great masses known as 

 club (fig. 3), or diseased growths indistinguishable from it, 

 they cause loss to the growers ; from its different amount of 

 appearance on the ground, when differently managed, in 

 the same neighbourhood, the disease would appear to admit 

 of some remedy. 



In looking over the cleared plants in the great cabbage- 

 growing district round Isleworlh, I have found heaps, 

 amounting to several cart-loads, in one spot, all badly 

 affected by the weevil-gall, and al the sauie time another 

 deposit would be almost free. The disease, that is the 

 insect presence, whatever else may promote it, appears 

 steadily to increase in proportion to the degree in which 

 cabbage crops without intermediate change, or with insuffi- 

 cient change between them, are grown on the same spot. 

 One piece of ground, where the cabbage stalks (with what- 

 ever weevil-grubs might be in them) were regularly buried on 

 the gronnd, was well known for the quantity infesting it; on 

 the other hand, in a fair-sized garden, where when first the 

 experiments began the beetle was plentiful, it has now 

 nearly disappeared, before deep digging and new soil. 



In an excellent paper on "Anbury," by Mr. Goodiff, of 

 Granard, in the 'Gardener's Chronicle and Agricultural 

 Gazette' for 1853, the presence of the weevil may be traced 

 similarly on a large scale, from growing for wholesale 



