96 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol. VI^ 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



The paper which has been the principal basis for this study and which has been 

 a source of constant inspiration throughout the work, is Comstock-Needham's. 

 "Wings of Insects," pubHshed in the American NaturaHst, Vols. XXXII and 

 XXXIII, 1898 and 1899. Other publications and texts used are the following: 



CoMSTOCK. Manual for the Study of Insects. 



Stal. Hemiptera Africana, Vol. IV. 



Coding. Bibliograohical and Synonymical Catalogue of the Described Mem- 



bracidae of North America, Bulletin Illinois State Laboratory Natural 



History, Vol. 3, Art. XIV. 

 V.-vnDuzee. Studies in North American Membracidae, Bulletin Buffalo Society 



Natural Science, 1908, Vol. IX. 

 Fowler. Biologia Centrali Americana, Insecta: Rhynchota, Homoptera Part II. 



Cambridge Natural History, Vol. VI, Insects, Part II. 

 MacCillivray. Wings of Tenthredinoidea, Proceedings U. S. Natural Museum, 



1906, Vol. XXIX. 

 Patch, Miss Edith M. Homologies of the Wing Veins of the Aphididae, Psyllidae, 



Aleurodidae and Coccidae, Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 



1909, Vol. II. 

 WooDWORTH. The Wing Veins of Insects, University of California Publications, 



Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, Entomology, Vol. 1,1906. 

 Redtenbacher. Vergleichende Studien uber das Flugelgeader der Insecten, Ann. 



k. k. Naturh. I, 1886. 

 HoDGKiss. The Apple and Pear Membracids, Geneva Agricultural Station Tech- 

 nical Bulletin No. 17, 1910. 

 Fairmaire. Revue de la tribu des Membracides, Ann. de la Soc. Ent. de France, 



1846, Ser. II, Tome IV. 

 Schmidt. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Membraciden. Stett. ent. Ztg., 1906, Vol. 67. 



FIGURES. 



The figures of nymphal wings, and the diagrams used, are arbitrarily arranged 

 in the order in which reference is made to them in the text, without respect to 

 relationship of species. 



The figures of adult wings are arranged according to subfamilies to facilitate 

 reference. The order of subfamilies is based on Van Duzee's "Studies in North 

 American Membracidae." 



The following is the explanation of the figures in order: 



Nymphal wings and diagrams. 



Fore and hind wings of Thelia bimaculata. 



Fore wing nymph — Thelia bimaculata. 



Fore wing nymph — Thelia bimaculata, showing costa. 



Fore wing nymph — Telemona ampelopsidis, showing costa. 



Fore wing nymph — Ceresa borealis, showing costa. 



Fore wing nymph — Vanduzea arquata, showing costa. 



Fore wing nymph — V'anduzea arquata, showing base of costa. 



Diagram showing typical radius. 



Fore wing nymph — Vanduzea arquata, showing Ri. 



Highly magnified portion of fore wing nymph of Vanduzea arquata, 



showing region of Ri. 

 Highly magnified portion of fore wing nymph of Telemona ampelopsidis, 



showing region of Ri. 

 Fore wing nymph — Enchenopa binotata, showing Ri. 

 Fore wing nymph — Ceresa diceros, showing media and the coalescence 



of R 4+5 with Mi+2. 



